Does physical activity mediate the associations between blue space and mental health? A cross-sectional study in Australia

Table 2 Mediation Structural Equation Model: Indirect effects through physical activity

Predictor	Outcome	Total effects				Direct effects				Indirect effects
Predictor	Outcome	β	SE	95% CI	p	β	SE	95% CI	p	β	SE	95% CI	p
Coast	Depression	0.13	0.04	0.05, 0.22	0.002	0.12	0.04	0.04, 0.20	0.006	0.02	0.01	0.001, 0.05	0.127
Coast	Anxiety	0.32	0.08	0.18, 0.49	0.000	0.30	0.08	0.15, 0.48	0.000	0.03	0.01	0.01, 0.06	0.063
Coast	Wellbeing	− 0.26	0.09	− 0.43, − 0.09	0.003	− 0.23	0.10	− 0.41, − 0.05	0.017	− 0.03	0.02	− 0.08, − 0.01	0.066
Inland	Depression	− 0.01	0.05	− 0.10, 0.09	0.910	− 0.02	0.05	− 0.12, 0.07	0.610	0.02	0.01	0.003, 0.05	0.084
Inland	Anxiety	0.02	0.08	− 0.17, 0.12	0.828	− 0.01	0.07	− 0.19, 0.10	0.850	0.03	0.01	0.01, 0.07	0.031
Inland	Wellbeing	− 0.03	0.08	− 0.15, 0.15	0.691	0.00	0.07	− 0.12, 0.17	0.964	− 0.03	0.02	− 0.07, − 0.01	0.034

Note: β = standardised coefficient, 95% CI = 95% bootstrapped confidence intervals with 5,000 iterations.

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