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Table 4 Model-estimated incidence rate ratio (IRR) of seven Respiratory infectious diseases

From: Trends in respiratory diseases before and after the COVID-19 pandemic in China from 2010 to 2021

Disease

Phase 2 (2019) reported cases

Phase 1(2010–2018)

Phase 3 (2020)

Phase 4 (2021)

IRR (95%CI)

P-value

IRR (95%CI)

P-value

IRR (95%CI)

P-value

Measles

3573

4.69 (3.35–6.56)

< 0.001

0.35 (0.19–0.67)

0.002

0.28 (0.14–0.57)

0.001

Tuberculosis

1,034,760

1.22 (1.16–1.28)

< 0.001

0.85 (0.79–0.91)

< 0.001

0.80 (0.75–0.85)

< 0.001

Pertussis

30,727

0.21 (0.18–0.25)

< 0.001

0.20 (0.15–0.28)

< 0.001

0.36 (0.27–0.48)

< 0.001

Scarlet fever

83,028

0.70 (0.61–0.81)

< 0.001

0.18 (0.13–0.25)

< 0.001

0.37 (0.29–0.47)

< 0.001

Seasonal influenza

3,507,306

0.09 (0.07–0.12)

< 0.001

0.20 (0.13–0.33)

< 0.001

0.26 (0.16–0.40)

< 0.001

Mumps

303,105

0.94 (0.88–1.01)

0.121

0.44 (0.38–0.49)

< 0.001

0.41 (0.36–0.47)

< 0.001

Rubella

34,151

0.56 (0.46–0.69)

< 0.001

0.08 (0.05–0.15)

< 0.001

0.06 (0.02–0.14)

< 0.001

  1. Generalized linear models (GLM) were used for estimating the IRRs of seven Respiratory infectious diseases. The seasonality of the reported cases was removed by a time series method in this model. IRR < 1 with P < 0.05 indicates a significant decline in incidence rate in the year 2020 compared to the year 2019. All p-values are two-sided and not adjusted for multiple comparisons. The reference period is the year 2019. Statistically significant reductions (IRR < 1) are displayed in bolded font