Table 6 Results comparing secondary outcomes at baseline and post-test based on adult-report

Positive parenting (early childhood)^b

20

26.95

2.48

27.67

2.09

0.87

0.171

–-

-0.32

2.07

Responsivity^b

20

7.15

0.81

7.47

0.64

0.33

0.092

–-

-0.03

0.68

Harsh parenting (early childhood)^b

20

0.80

1.24

0.93

1.22

0.18

0.507

–-

-0.33

0.69

Involvement^b

20

5.30

0.66

5.73

0.59

0.43

0.053

–-

0.00

0.86

Positive parenting^c

54

42.06

4.44

41.57

6.44

-0.48

0.544

–-

-2.01

1.05

Harsh parenting^c

54

7.17

6.08

6.55

5.09

-0.37

0.534

–-

-1.54

0.79

Positive discipline^c

54

3.13

1.78

3.61

1.97

0.47

0.137

–-

-0.14

1.09

Child total behavior problems^d

54

13.85

10.57

11.30

8.31

-2.19

0.023*

–-

-4.01

-0.37

Parental mental health problems^e

74

5.31

6.04

5.17

5.42

-0.29

0.712

–-

-1.82

1.24

Marital satisfaction^f

74

17.79

3.11

17.47

2.35

-0.10

0.707

–-

-0.65

0.44

Attitudes supporting corporal punishment^g

74

0.53

0.50

0.34

0.48

-1.36

0.012*

0.26

0.09

0.75

Parent sense of inefficacy^h

74

2.70

1.30

2.25

0.98

-0.43

0.004**

–-

-0.72

-0.14