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Table 1 Baseline characteristics of participants according to groups of sleep duration (N = 33,883)

From: Relationship of sleep duration with incident cardiovascular outcomes: a prospective study of 33,883 adults in a general population

 

Sleep duration (h)

P value

 ≤ 7

(n = 6762)

 > 7 to ≤ 8

(n = 12,369)

 > 8 to ≤ 9

(n = 10,214)

 > 9

(n = 4538)

Age (y)

55.7 (10.2)

55.0 (11.1)

55.8 (11.7)

58.2 (12.0)

< 0.001

Male (%)

45.3

38.1

38.4

43.8

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

133.0 (19.2)

133.2 (19.3)

133.3 (19.6)

138.8 (19.4)

< 0.001

DBP (mmHg)

80.0 (10.8)

79.9 (10.6)

80.0 (10.6)

80.5 (10.2)

0.018

BMI (kg/m2)

24.7 (3.3)

24.3 (3.3)

24.2 (3.3)

24.3 (3.4)

< 0.001

HDL-C (mmol/L)

1.40 (0.34)

1.42 (0.34)

1.42 (0.36)

1.41 (0.41)

0.004

LDL-C (mmol/L)

2.76 (0.83)

2.78 (0.83)

2.79 (0.83)

2.81 (0.84)

0.016

TG (mmol/L)

1.35 (0.98,1.92)

1.33 (0.96,1.89)

1.34 (0.97,1.91)

1.37 (0.99,1.97)

0.001

TC (mmol/L)

4.92 (0.93)

4.93 (0.93)

4.95 (0.94)

4.98 (0.94)

0.008

FPG (mmol/L)

4.75 (4.30,5.38)

4.72 (4.26,5.35)

4.70 (4.25,5.35)

4.75 (4.25,5.48)

< 0.001

HbA1C (%)

5.82 (0.85)

5.76 (0.82)

5.74 (0.84)

5.79 (0.94)

< 0.001

Physical activity (%)

    

< 0.001

 low

34.4

33.7

36.0

37.2

 

 moderate

30.8

31.2

31.2

32.6

 

 high

34.8

35.1

32.9

30.3

 

Smoking (% yes)

29.4

21.8

21.5

24.8

< 0.001

Alcohol intake (% yes)

16.1

12.6

12.1

16.2

< 0.001

Hypertension (% yes)

50.0

49.0

50.2

55.2

< 0.001

Diabetes (% yes)

10.5

9.2

9.9

12.1

< 0.001

Dyslipidemia (% yes)

54.7

53.6

54.9

56.9

0.002

Obesity (% yes)

16.3

14.0

13.7

14.3

< 0.001

Depression (% yes)

0.5

0.4

0.5

0.5

0.594

Sleep medication (%)

    

0.003

 Never

97.4

97.6

97.6

97.1

 

 < 1/week

1.1

0.9

0.8

0.8

 

 1 ~ 2/week

0.7

0.6

0.8

0.7

 

 ≥ 3/week

0.8

0.9

0.9

1.5

 

Marital status (%)

    

< 0.001

 Married

92.9

93.4

93.4

91.4

 

 Divorced

1.7

1.4

1.1

1.1

 

 Widow/widower

4.3

3.8

4.1

5.4

 

 Unmarried

1.1

1.3

1.3

2.1

 

Education (%)

    

< 0.001

 Junior middle or lower

41.9

41.2

47.4

57.9

 

 Senior middle school

49.7

48.4

42.9

34.3

 

 College or above

8.4

10.4

9.7

7.7

 

Occupation (%)

    

< 0.001

 Officer

37.4

36.3

32.4

25.2

 

 Businessman/servicer

14.9

14

14.8

13.4

 

 Manual worker

24.7

28.1

32.8

38.2

 

 Others/retired

23.0

21.7

20.0

23.2

 
  1. Data are presented as mean (SD) for normally distributed variables, median (interquartile range) for skewed variables, or frequency percentage for categorical variables
  2. P values were obtained from ANOVA, Wilcoxon, or Chi-square analysis (respectively) across sleep duration groups
  3. SBP Systolic blood pressure, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, BMI Body mass index, HDL-C High-density lipoprotein cholesterol, LDL-C Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, TC Total cholesterol, FPG Fasting plasma glucose, HbA1C Haemoglobin A1C