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Table 5 Multi-nominal logistic regression analysis of association between frequency and duration of scented candle use and reported symptoms (n=472)

From: Extent of exposure to scented candles and prevalence of respiratory and non-respiratory symptoms amongst young university students

Extent of exposure to scented candles

Reported symptoms [OR (95% CI); p-value]

Headache

Sneezing

Wheezing

Cough

Chest tightness

Shortness of breath

Nasal allergies

Frequency of use in a month

 Once

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 Twice

1.02 [0.51-2.02]

0.952

0.55 [0.20-1.50]

0.243

0.57 [0.25-1.33]

0.193

1.05 [0.57-1.94]

0.877

1.03 [0.54-1.98]

0.925

1.20 [0.53-2.73]

0.662

1.03 [0.54-1.98]

0.929

 3 Times

0.66 [0.34-1.31]

0.238

0.47 [0.17-1.32]

0.151

0.65 [0.27-1.56]

0.337

1.13 [0.60-2.14]

0.705

1.71 [0.85-3.44]

0.133

0.99 [0.42-2.31]

0.981

1.03 [0.53-2.01]

0.932

 4 Times or more

0.65 [0.36-1.16]

0.145

1.04 [0.38-2.85]

0.942

0.74 [0.34-1.63]

0.457

1.07 [0.62-1.82]

0.814

1.27 [0.72-2.23]

0.406

1.51 [0.72-3.18]

0.281

1.27 [0.71-2.27]

0.418

Frequency of use in a week

 1-2 Times

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 3-4 Times

0.51 [0.20-1.33]

0.169

0.93 [0.19-4.58]

0.926

0.62

[0.16-2.34]

0.477

1.03 [0.44-2.43]

0.939

0.80 [0.34-1.90]

0.617

1.14 [0.33-3.93]

0.838

1.00 [0.39-2.53]

0.997

 5-6 Times

0.78 [0.16-3.74]

0.758

0.36 [0.04-2.89]

0.337

0.10 [0.02-0.54]

0.008*

4.19 [0.78-22.61]

0.095

0.87 [0.20-3.72]

0.854

1.16 [0.14-9.27]

0.892

0.86 [0.18-4.01]

0.848

 Daily

0.55 [0.16-1.87]

0.343

1.41 [0.13-15.38]

0.729

0.44 [0.09-2.13]

0.305

1.84 [0.57-5.90]

0.305

1.00 [0.32-3.16]

0.999

0.37 [0.09-1.49]

0.163

1.03 [0.31-3.45]

0.960

Frequency of use in a day

 1-2 Times

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 3 Times or more

0.81 [0.50-1.31]

0.396

0.97 [0.44-2.14]

0.949

0.95 [0.51-1.79]

0.878

1.03 [0.66-1.63]

0.883

1.13 [0.70-1.84]

0.612

1.72 [0.89-3.33]

0.107

1.12 [0.69-1.83]

0.642

Duration of exposure

 < 20 minutes

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

Ref

 20-60 minutes

1.11 [0.67-1.83]

0.694

0.92 [0.41-2.08]

0.835

0.92 [0.48-1.79]

0.817

1.10 [0.68-1.77]

0.706

1.16 [0.70-1.93]

0.563

0.83 [0.42-1.63]

0.584

0.94 [0.56-1.57]

0.811

 > 60 minutes

1.42 [0.68-2.96]

0.349

1.29 [0.42-4.00]

0.654

1.23 [0.48-3.13]

0.669

0.72 [0.37-1.40]

0.331

0.84 [0.41-1.73]

0.645

0.50 [0.21-1.21]

0.125

0.80 [0.39-1.65]

0.551