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Table 9 Result of panel data analysis for the association between emergency statement and mobility for the prefectures in Japan: sensitivity analysis using Apple’s Data [42]

From: COVID-19, stigma, and habituation: evidence from mobility data

dependent

explanatory

estimate

s.e.

p

covariates

driving

emergency

-0.3803

0.0308

<0.0001

Yes

walking

emergency

-0.3759

0.0274

<0.0001

Yes

  1. Notes: The sample size is \(N = nT = 47 \times 518 = 24,346\). The estimation results for each row show the coefficients estimated using the fixed-effect estimator. s.e. stands for cluster robust standard errors