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Table 2 Comparison between total antibiotic use in Gansu and European countries, 2012–20

From: Long-term trend of antibiotic use at public health care institutions in northwest China, 2012–20 —— a case study of Gansu Province

  1. Antibiotic use in all monitored countries was arranged in ascending order.  Higher than all monitoring countries;  Higher than top 75% monitoring countries;  Higher than top 50% monitoring countries;  Higher than top 25% monitoring countries;  Lower than top 25% monitoring countries;  Lower than all monitoring countries
  2. aJ01_B/N: Ratio of the consumption of broad-spectrum (J01(CR + DC + DD + (F-FA01))) to the consumption of narrow-spectrum penicillins, cephalosporins and macrolides (J01(CE + DB + FA01));
  3. bJ01_SV: Seasonal variation of the total antibiotic consumption (J01). Overuse in the winter quarters (January-March and October-December) compared with the summer quarters (April-June and July–September) of a 1-year period starting in July and ending the next calendar year in June, expressed as percentage: [DDD per 1000 inhabitants and per day (winter quarters)/DDD per 1000 inhabitants and per day (summer quarters)-1] × 100;
  4. cJ01M_SV: Seasonal variation of quinolone consumption (J01M), calculation formula as above