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Table 2 Overview of the outcome variables, measures, and observation points

From: Evaluation of a technology-enhanced, integrated community health and wellness program for seniors (HWePS): protocol of a non-randomized comparison trial

Outcome

Variable

Data Source/Instrument

Measurement Points

Target Respondents

Primary

Self-rated health

WHO World Health Survey; Korea Community Health Survey

T1, T2

IG, CG

Health-related quality of life

EuroQol (EQ)-5D-3L

T1, T2

IG, CG

Secondary

Frailty

Fried’s frailty phenotype

T1, T2

IG, CG

Wellbeing

World Health Organization- Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5)

T1, T2

IG, CG

Self-efficacy

Korean Self Rated Abilities for Health Practices (K-SRAHP)

T1, T2

IG, CG

Community efficacy

Collective Efficacy Scale

T1, T2

IG, CG

Physical activity

Korean version of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (K-IPAQ) as presented in the Korea Community Health Survey

T1, T2

IG, CG

Hypertension awareness, diabetes awareness, mood, stress

Single items taken from the Korea Community Health Survey

T1, T2

IG, CG

Functional health

Scales and CAPs from interRAI Check-Up Self-Rated Version (CUSR)

T1, T2

IG

Technology acceptance

Short version, Senior Technology Acceptance Measure (STAM)

T1, T2

IG

Nutrition, depression

Nutrition Questionnaire Elderly (NQE), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9)

T1, T2

IG participants who received tailored programs

Satisfaction

Client Satisfaction Questionnaire

T2

IG

  1. IG Intervention group, CG Control group