Fig. 1From: Deaths during the first year of the COVID-19 pandemic: insights from regional patterns in Germany and PolandRegional variation of death incidence in 2020: Germany and Poland. a COVID-19 deaths per 1000 population. b Excess mortality per 1000 population. c Difference in excess and COVID-19 deaths per 1000 population. Source: own compilation based on (i) Germany: geodata: Federal Agency for Cartography and Geodesy (BKG); statistics: Robert Koch Institute (RKI), Federal and state statistical offices; (ii) Poland: geodata: National Register of Boundaries (PRG); statistics: regional and local Sanitary Inspectorates, Ministry of Health, Local Data Bank (BDL). Notes: The panels share a common legend based on the quintile distribution of COVID deaths, with two additional categories added at the top and bottom of the scale. County borders in white, regional borders in yellow, country border in grey. For names of specific regions (Länder and voivodeships) see Fig. S1 in the Additional file 1Back to article page