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Table 2 The weighted demographic characters of the study sample stratified by biological sex and sexual identity, NHANES 2005 to 2014

From: The descriptive analysis of depressive symptoms and White Blood Cell (WBC) count between the sexual minorities and heterosexual identifying individuals in a nationally representative sample: 2005–2014

Variable

Male

n = 6,880

Female

n = 7,210

 

Heterosexual

n = 6,541

95.2% (94.2–96.1)

Sexual minority b

n = 339

4.8% (3.9–5.8)

p-value

Heterosexual

n = 6,654

93.1% (92.3–93.8)

Sexual minority b

n = 556

6.9% (6.2–7.7)

p-value

Depressive symptoms a

  

0.001 f

  

0.001 f

 No

94.7% (93.9–95.3)

89.4% (85.3–92.5)

 

90.60% (89.7–91.4)

76.3% (71.3–80.6)

 

 Yes

5.3% (4.7–6.1)

10.6% (7.5–14.7)

 

9.4% (8.6–10.3)

23.7% (19.4–28.7)

 

Age c

  

0.6 f

  

0.001 f

 < 40

49.4% (47.6–51.2)

51.1% (43.8–58.4)

 

47.2% (45.4–49.0)

63.8% (58.8–68.5)

 

 >  = 40

50.6% (48.8–52.4)

49.0% (41.6–56.2)

 

52.8% (51.0–54.6)

36.2% (31.5–41.2)

 

Race

  

0.7 f

  

0.01 f

 White

68.2% (65.1–71.1)

66.5% (60.3–72.2)

 

68.3% (64.9–71.4)

62.8% (57.2–68.0)

 

 Black

10.1% (8.8–11.6)

11.0% (8.1–14.8)

 

11.7% (10.2–13.7)

16.5% (12.8–21.1)

 

 Hispanic

5.2% (4.1–6.4)

6.3% (4.3–9.1)

 

5.4% (4.4–6.6)

4.6% (29.8–71.3)

 

 Other d

16.5% (14.6–18.6)

16.2% (12.6–20.5)

 

14.6% (12.9–16.5)

16.1% (13.1–19.7)

 

Education

  

0.05 f

  

0.001 f

 B.A. and above

28.3% (26.1–30.6)

36.5% (28.9–44.8)

 

32.6% (30.1–35.2)

23.0% (18.4–28.3)

 

 A.A. and some college

31.3% (30.0–32.9)

30.7% (25.1–37.0)

 

35.0% (33.4–36.5)

35.2% (30.3–40.4)

 

 High school

24.4% (22.8–26.2)

17.6% (12.6–24.0)

 

19.6% (18.2–21.2)

22.3% (18.1–27.2)

 

 Did not complete high school

15.9% (14.4–17.5)

15.2% (11.4–20.1)

 

12.8% (11.4–14.3)

19.5% (16.1–23.5)

 

Income e

  

0.4 f

  

0.001 f

 High

39.0% (36.7–41.4)

35.1% (27.8–43.1)

 

38.0% (35.4–40.5)

23.9% (19.4–29.1)

 

 Middle

28.4% (26.7–30.0)

29.8% (24.9–35.3)

 

28.9% (27.2–30.6)

23.2% (19.0–28.0)

 

 Low

18.6% (17.3–20.0)

17.4% (12.6–23.5)

 

18.1% (16.9–19.4)

25.1% (20.8–30.0)

 

 Poverty

14.0% (12.6–15.6)

17.7% (13.7–22.5)

 

15.0% (13.5–16.7)

27.8% (24.2–31.7)

 

Smoking status

  

0.1 f

  

0.001 f

 Non-smokers

51.8% (49.8–53.7)

47.3% (40.0–54.8)

 

61.1% (59.1–63.1)

46.2% (41.3–51.2)

 

 Former smokers

21.8% (20.5–23.1)

19.2% (14.3–25.3)

 

17.8% (16.2–19.4)

16.6% (12.6–21.5)

 

 Current smokers

26.5% (24.8–28.2)

33.5% (26.7–41.0)

 

21.1% (19.5–22.9)

37.2% (33.1–41.5)

 

BMI

  

0.01 f

  

0.01 f

 Underweight

0.9% (0.7%-1.3)

1.3% (0.6–2.7)

 

2.1% (1.7–2.6)

3.5% (2.0–6.2)

 

 Normal

25.7% (24.1–27.3)

36.3% (30.7–42.2)

 

34.3% (32.6–36.1)

30.4% (24.9–36.4)

 

 Overweight

38.5% (37.1–40.0)

34.1% (28.7–40.0)

 

26.8% (25.2–28.4)

19.8% (15.9–24.4)

 

 Obese

34.9% (33.2–36.6)

28.3% (23.2–34.1)

 

36.7% (35.2–38.3)

46.3% (40.3–52.4)

 

Mean WBC (1000 cells/ul)

  

0.01 g

  

0.06 g

 Mean (95% confidence interval)

7.2 (7.1–7.3)

6.9 (6.6–7.1)

 

7.4 (7.3–7.5)

7.6 (7.4–7.9)

 

Year

  

0.7 f

  

0.2 f

 2005–2006

20.1% (17.9–22.6)

21.2% (15.0–29.1)

 

20.9% (18.3–23.7)

16.5% (12.3–21.7)

 

 2007–2008

19.7% (17.4–22.3)

16.1% (9.8–25.4)

 

20.0% (17.3–23.0)

18.3% (14.1–23.3)

 

 2009–2010

20.0% (17.5–21.8)

17.0% (11.8–23.1)

 

18.8% (16.8–21.1)

19.5% (15.0–25.0)

 

 2011–2012

19.8% (17.4–22.5)

23.5% (15.1–34.5)

 

19.8% (17.5–22.3)

20.6% (16.3–25.8)

 

 2013–2014

20.8% (18.5–23.2)

22.5% (17.0–29.2)

 

20.5% (18.4–22.8)

25.1% (20.6–30.2)

 
  1. a Participants were considered to have depressive symptoms if the PHQ-9 score > 10
  2. b Participants were sexual minorities if they were gay/lesbian, bisexual, not sure about their sexual identities, or other sexual orientations
  3. c 40 was the median of participants’ age
  4. d Other races included Mexican American, Asian, and other races, including multi-racial
  5. e Poverty-income ratio (PIR) was used to categorize income: poverty (PIR < 1), low income (1.0 ≤ PIR < 2.0), middle income (2.0 ≤ PIR < 4.0), and high income (PIR ≥ 4.0)
  6. f Rao-Scott Chi-square test was used to calculate the p-value
  7. g t-test was used to calculate the p-value