Table 2 Prevalence of open defecation practice by socio-economic and demographic characteristics of households
From: Socio-economic and demographic factors influencing open defecation in Haiti: a cross-sectional study
Socio-economic and demographic characteristics | Open defecation practice | P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
Yes N (%) | No N (%) | ||
Place of residence | |||
Urban | 513 (9.6) | 4860 (90.4) | 0.000 |
Rural | 2876 (35.8) | 5156 (64.2) | |
Region | |||
Aire Métropolitaine de Port-au-Prince | 225 (7.7) | 2689 (92.3) | 0.000 |
Reste-Ouest | 603 (26.7) | 1658 (73.7) | |
Sud-Est | 186 (23.1) | 619 (76.9) | |
Nord | 345 (26.7) | 950 (73.3) | |
Nord-Est | 85 (18.9) | 364 (81.1) | |
Artibonite | 596 (28.6) | 1487 (71.4) | |
Centre | 352 (36.7) | 606 (63.3) | |
Sud | 337 (35.2) | 622 (64.8) | |
Grand’Anse | 277 (49.5) | 283 (50.5) | |
Nord-Ouest | 206 (31.3) | 451 (68.7) | |
Nippes | 178 (38.4) | 286 (61.6) | |
Sex of household head | |||
Male | 1967 (26.7) | 5395 (73.3) | 0.000 |
Female | 1422 (23.5) | 4621 (76.5) | |
Age of household head | |||
Less than 25 years | 151 (26.5) | 419 (73.5) | 0.000 |
25-34 | 581 (21.5) | 2125 (78.5) | |
35-44 | 681 (23.5) | 2223 (76.5) | |
45-54 | 683 (24.7) | 2079 (75.3) | |
55-64 | 633 (28.2) | 1615 (71.8) | |
65 and above | 661 (29.8) | 1554 (70.2) | |
Education level of household head | |||
No formal education | 1850 (39.5) | 2839 (60.5) | 0.000 |
Primary | 1161 (27.4) | 3077 (72.6) | |
Secondary | 366 (10.2) | 3223 (89.8) | |
Higher | 99 (1.2) | 852 (98.8) | |
Don’t know | 3 (9.4) | 25 (90.6) | |
Marital status | |||
Never married | 134 (13.7) | 842 (86.3) | 0.000 |
In union | 2311 (25.9) | 6609 (74.1) | |
Divorced/Widowed | 945 (26.9) | 2564 (73.1) | |
Household size | |||
Less than 3 | 810 (26.2) | 2277 (73.8) | 0.283 |
3-5 | 1624 (24.6) | 4973 (75.4) | |
More than 5 | 955 (25.7) | 2766 (74.3) | |
Number of children aged 1-14 years old | |||
No children | 1767 (23.7) | 5677 (76.3) | 0.000 |
Only one | 551 (23.8) | 1767 (76.2) | |
2-3 | 787 (27.7) | 2051 (72.3) | |
4 and above | 285 (35.3) | 520 (64.7) | |
Number of elderly (aged 65 and above) | |||
None | 2496 (24.4) | 7755 (75.6) | 0.000 |
Only one | 745 (29.2) | 1810 (70.8) | |
Two and above | 148 (24.8) | 450 (75.2) | |
Number of men and women in the household | |||
Fewer women | 982 (27.6) | 2572 (72.4) | 0.000 |
Equal | 796 (26.5) | 2209 (73.5) | |
More women | 1611 (23.5) | 5234 (76.5) | |
Access to mass media | |||
Yes | 910 (12.6) | 6335 (87.4) | 0.000 |
No | 2480 (40.3) | 3680 (59.7) | |
Wealth Index | |||
Poorest | 1046 (43.8) | 1341 (56.2) | 0.000 |
Poorer | 669 (28.0) | 1721 (72.0) | |
Middle | 539 (18.8) | 2329 (81.2) | |
Richer | 677 (20.2) | 2672 (79.8) | |
Richest | 458 (19.0) | 1953 (81.0) | |
Total | 3389 (25.3) | 10,016 (74.7) | |