Key explanatory variables | UOR (95% CI) | India | UOR (95% CI) | Rural | UOR (95% CI) | Urban |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | AOR (95% CI) | ||||
Marital Status | ||||||
 Currently married | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Currently unmarried | 1.32*** [1.20—1.46] | 1.19*** [1.07—1.31] | 1.39*** [1.25 -1.54] | 1.02 [0.89—1.71] | 1.20 [0.97—1.48] | 1.12** [1.03—1.19] |
Living Arrangement | ||||||
 Co-residing with family | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Living alone | 1.77***[1.50—2.10] | 1.48*** [1.20—1.83] | 1.80*** [1.50—2.15] | 1.41*** [1.14—1.74] | 1.56* [1.06—2.32] | 1.39 [0.83—2.32] |
Marital status a living arrangement | ||||||
 Currently Married a co-residing | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref | Ref |
 Currently Married a Living alone | 0.88 [0.37—2.06] | 0.77 [0.32—1.88] | 0.63 [0.22—1.80] | 0.50 [0.17—1.47] | 1.65 [0.37—7.42] | 1.76 [0.38—8.12] |
 Currently Unmarried a Co-residing | 1.23*** [1.11—1.36] | 0.89 [0.78—1.02] | 1.28*** [1.15—1.43] | 0.96 [0.83—1.10] | 1.15 [0.92—1.44] | 0.79 [0.61—1.02] |
 Currently Unmarried a Living alone | 1.93*** [1.62—2.29] | 1.34 *** [1.08—1.65] | 1.98*** [1.64—2.39] | 1.38*** [1.11—1.71] | 1.65** [1.10—2.48] | 1.09 [0.65—1.82] |
Covariates | ||||||
 Age | ||||||
  60–69 |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
  70–79 |  | 1.19*** [1.06—1.35] |  | 1.17*** [1.03—1.33] |  | 1.24 [0.97—1.59] |
  80 +  |  | 1.53*** [1.29—1.82] |  | 1.55*** [1.29—1.88] |  | 1.52*** [1.09—2.11] |
 Sex | ||||||
  Male |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
  Female |  | 0.89 [0.79—1.00] |  | 0.95 [0.84—1.08] |  | 0.85 [0.67—1.09] |
 Education level | ||||||
  No schooling |  | 1.80***[1.44—2.23] |  | 1.50*** [1.20—1.89] |  | 1.59*** [1.16—2.20] |
  Up to primary |  | 1.66*** [1.31—2.11] |  | 1.33** [1.03—1.72] |  | 1.87*** [1.28—2.74] |
  Up to secondary |  | 1.43** [1.00—2.03] |  | 1.69*** [1.26—2.25] |  | 0.94 [0.55—1.61] |
  Secondary & above |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
 Working status | ||||||
  No |  | 1.50*** [1.32—1.69] |  | 1.58*** [1.38 -1.81] |  | 1.52*** [1.17 – 1.97] |
  Yes |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
 Social participation | ||||||
  No |  | 1.13 [0.93—1.38] |  | 1.25** [1.00—1.57] |  | 1.00 [0.68—1.49] |
  Yes |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
 Life satisfaction | ||||||
  Low |  | 1.80*** [1.59—2.04] |  | 1.69*** [1.48—1.93] |  | 2.07*** [1.63—2.63] |
  Medium |  | 1.35*** [1.18—1.54] |  | 1.25*** [1.08—1.46] |  | 1.53*** [1.19—1.96] |
  High |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
 Difficulty in ADL b | ||||||
  No |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
  Yes |  | 1.98*** [1.75—2.25] |  | 2.05*** [1.79—2.33] |  | 1.84*** [1.42—2.38] |
 Difficulty in IADL c | ||||||
  No |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
  Yes |  | 1.40*** [1.25—1.58] |  | 1.38*** [1.22—1.55] |  | 1.43*** [1.12—1.83] |
 Morbidity status | ||||||
  0 |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
  1 |  | 1.78*** [1.58—2.00] |  | 1.91*** [1.69—2.16] |  | 1.44*** [1.09—1.89] |
  2 +  |  | 3.12*** [2.74—3.56] |  | 3.06*** [2.64—3.55] |  | 3.44*** [2.68—4.422] |
 MPCE d quintile | ||||||
  Poorest |  | 1.06 [0.89—1.26] |  | 1.01 [0.85 -1.21] |  | 1.54** [1.04 -2.27] |
  Poorer |  | 0.99 [0.83—1.17] |  | 0.90 [0.75—1.09] |  | 1.57** [1.09—2.28] |
  Middle |  | 0.88 [0.74—1.05] |  | 0.87 [0.73—1.04] |  | 1.06 [0.71—1.58] |
  Richer |  | 0.98 [0.81—1.20] |  | 0.99 [0.83—1.17] |  | 1.18 [0.76—1.83] |
  Richest |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
 Religion | ||||||
  Hindu |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
  Muslim |  | 1.13* [0.99—1.31] |  | 1.24** [1.03—1.48] |  | 1.16 [0.91—1.47] |
  Christian |  | 1.85*** [1.46—2.35] |  | 1.57*** [1.18—2.09] |  | 2.70*** [1.86—3.92] |
  Others |  | 0.95 [0.76—1.20] |  | 1.02 [0.78—1.35] |  | 0.78 [0.50—1.22] |
 Social group | ||||||
  Scheduled Caste |  | 1.29*** [1.11—1.48] |  | 1.31*** [1.12—1.54] |  | 1.26 [0.93—1.70] |
  Scheduled Tribe |  | 0.95 [0.79—1.15] |  | 0.96 [0.78—1.17] |  | 1.22 [0.74—2.02] |
  Other backward Class |  | 1.11 [0.98—1.26] |  | 1.17** [1.02—1.35] |  | 1.02 [0.81—1.29] |
  Others |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
 Region | ||||||
  North |  | 0.98 [0,81—1.19] |  | 0.93 [0.75—1.16] |  | 1.15 [0.76—1.73] |
  North East |  | Ref |  | Ref |  | Ref |
  East |  | 1.10 [0.92—1.32] |  | 0.99 [0.81—1.22] |  | 1.67*** [1.11—2.52] |
  Central |  | 1.21 [0.99—1.46] |  | 1.19 [0.96—1.49] |  | 1.21 [0.79—1.85] |
  West |  | 0.69*** [0.57—0.83] |  | 0.76** [0.61—0.95] |  | 0.62** [0.41—0.94] |
  South |  | 1.30*** [1.07—1.58] |  | 1.43*** [1.16—1.76] |  | 1.37 [0.90—2.09] |