Table 1 Adjusted odds ratios of sociodemographic covariates and ACE predictors of repeated grade, does all required homework, and cares about doing well in school
Variable | Model 1: Repeated Grade | Model 2: Does All Required Homework | Model 3: Cares About Doing Well in School | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P-value | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P-value | Odds Ratio | 95% Confidence Interval | P-value | |
Demographic Covariates | |||||||||
Sex | |||||||||
Male | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||||||
Female | 0.6 | (0.5, 0.7) | < 0.0001 | 2.0 | (1.7, 2.3) | < 0.0001 | 2.1 | (1.8, 2.4) | < 0.0001 |
Age | |||||||||
6-9 | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||||||
10-13 | 1.6 | (1.2, 2.1) | 0.001 | 0.7 | (0.6, 0.9) | 0.005 | 1.0 | (0.8, 1.1) | 0.634 |
14-17 | 2.2 | (1.7, 2.8) | < 0.0001 | 0.5 | (0.4, 0.7) | < 0.0001 | 0.8 | (0.7, 0.9) | 0.009 |
Race/Ethnicity | |||||||||
NH White | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||||||
NH Black | 1.4 | (1.1, 1.8) | 0.009 | 0.7 | (0.5, 0.8) | < 0.0001 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.1) | 0.416 |
Hispanic | 1.2 | (0.9, 1.6) | 0.255 | 1.0 | (0.8, 1.2) | 0.719 | 1.1 | (0.9, 1.3) | 0.547 |
NH Other | 1.0 | (0.7, 1.5) | 0.876 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.2) | 0.632 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.1) | 0.327 |
> =2 Races, NH | 1.0 | (0.7, 1.5) | 0.938 | 1.4 | (1.0, 1.9) | 0.058 | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.5) | 0.701 |
Health Issues | |||||||||
None | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||||||
Asthma, no ADHD | 1.0 | (0.7, 1.3) | 0.839 | 0.7 | (0.5, 0.9) | 0.004 | 0.6 | (0.5, 0.8) | 0.001 |
ADHD, no asthma | 3.1 | (2.4, 4.0) | < 0.0001 | 0.2 | (0.1, 0.2) | < 0.0001 | 0.1 | (0.1, 0.2) | < 0.0001 |
Both Asthma, ADHD | 2.6 | (1.6, 4.0) | < 0.0001 | 0.2 | (0.1, 0.2) | < 0.0001 | 0.2 | (0.1, 0.3) | < 0.0001 |
Neither, other SHCN | 2.2 | (1.7, 2.9) | < 0.0001 | 0.3 | (0.3, 0.4) | < 0.0001 | 0.3 | (0.2, 0.4) | < 0.0001 |
Minimum Parent Education | |||||||||
Less than HS | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | 1.00 (Ref) | ||||||
HS/GED/Voc | 0.6 | (0.5, 0.8) | 0.002 | 1.2 | (1.0, 1.5) | 0.121 | 1.1 | (0.9, 1.4) | 0.39 |
Some college | 0.4 | (0.3, 0.5) | < 0.0001 | 1.4 | (1.1, 1.8) | 0.008 | 1.3 | (1.0, 1.7) | 0.022 |
Bachelors | 0.3 | (0.2, 0.4) | < 0.0001 | 1.6 | (1.2, 2.1) | 0.001 | 1.7 | (1.3, 2.2) | < 0.0001 |
Masters or more | 0.2 | (0.1, 0.3) | < 0.0001 | 2.1 | (1.4, 2.9) | < 0.0001 | 2.3 | (1.7, 3.1) | < 0.0001 |
Adverse Childhood Experiences | |||||||||
Basic Needs | |||||||||
Yes | 1.3 | (1.0, 1.6) | 0.039 | 0.5 | (0.4, 0.6) | < 0.0001 | 0.6 | (0.5, 0.7) | < 0.0001 |
Racism | |||||||||
Yes | 1.4 | (1.0, 2.1) | 0.054 | 0.7 | (0.5, 1.0) | 0.023 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.2) | 0.477 |
Divorce | |||||||||
Yes | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.3) | 0.636 | 0.8 | (0.6, 0.9) | < 0.0001 | 0.7 | (0.6, 0.8) | < 0.0001 |
Parental Death | |||||||||
Yes | 1.7 | (1.1, 2.7) | 0.017 | 1.0 | (0.7, 1.3) | 0.8 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.2) | 0.523 |
Parental Incarceration | |||||||||
Yes | 1.5 | (1.1, 2.1) | 0.004 | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.0) | 0.046 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.1) | 0.274 |
Adult Violence | |||||||||
Yes | 1.3 | (0.9, 1.8) | 0.15 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.2) | 0.564 | 1.1 | (0.8, 1.4) | 0.628 |
Neighborhood Violence | |||||||||
Yes | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.2) | 0.366 | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.0) | 0.068 | 0.7 | (0.6, 1.0) | 0.037 |
Lived with Mental Health | |||||||||
Yes | 1.3 | (1.0, 1.8) | 0.098 | 0.8 | (0.6, 1.0) | 0.015 | 0.8 | (0.7, 1.0) | 0.107 |
Lived with Substance Abuse | |||||||||
Yes | 0.9 | (0.6, 1.5) | 0.813 | 1.0 | (0.8, 1.3) | 0.988 | 0.9 | (0.7, 1.1) | 0.227 |