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Table 2 Family characteristic-related and health service utilization factors of childhood vaccination status

From: The determinants of immunization coverage among children aged between 12 and 35 months: a nationwide cross-sectional study in Lao People’s Democratic Republic

 

Fully immunized

Partially immunized

Bivariate analysis

Multivariable analysis

Crude odds ratio

95% CIa

p-value

Adjusted odds ratio

95% CIa

p-value

Number

173

83

      
 

67.6 (61.5–73.3) %

33.4 (26.7–38.5) %

      

Sex of children

 Boy

87 (66.4%)

44 (33.6%)

0.91

0.59–1.39

0.66

   

 Girl

85 (68.5%)

39 (31.5%)

References

     

Median of maternal age (years) (IQRb)

28 (24–33)

29 (25–33)

  

0.82

   

Maternal ethnicity

 Laolum

110 (69.2%)

49 (30.8%)

1.23

0.57–2.64

0.59

   

 Non-Laolum

62 (64.6%)

34 (35.4%)

References

     

Maternal occupation

 Farmer

125 (64.1%)

70 (35.9%)

0.49

0.20–1.21

0.12

   

 Not farmer

47 (78.3%)

13 (21.7%)

References

     

Maternal education

 Primary school

82 (68.3%)

38 (31.7%)

1.05

0.54–2.05

0.88

   

 More than primary school

90 (67.2%)

44 (32.8%)

References

     

Median of maternal age (years) (IQRb)

31 (27–37)

31 (27–37)

  

0.66

   

Paternal ethnicity

 Laolum

110 (70.5%)

46 (29.5%)

1.36

0.62–2.95

0.44

   

 Non-Laolum

60 (63.8%)

34 (36.2%)

References

     

Paternal occupation

 Farmer

109 (64.1%)

61 (35.9%)

0.56

0.26–1.19

0.13

   

 Not farmer

61 (76.3%)

19 (23.7%)

References

     

Paternal education

 Primary school

54 (65.1%)

29 (34.9%)

0.82

0.49–1.36

0.44

   

 More than primary school

116 (69.5%)

51 (30.5%)

References

     

Median number of family members (IQRb)

6 (4–7)

6 (4–8)

  

0.19

   

Median number of children (< 15 years old)c (IQRb)

2 (2–3)

2 (2–3)

  

0.02*

   

House location

 Fixed

65 (84.4%)

12 (15.6%)

3.61

1.64–7.95

0.001*

   

 Others

105 (60%)

70 (40%)

References

     

Median time taken to reach the nearest health facilities (minutes)d (IQRb)

20 (10–30)

20 (10–30)

  

0.18

   

 Within 15 minutes

85 (74.6%)

29 (25.4%)

1.80

0.83–3.90

0.14

   

 More than 15 minutes

88 (62.0%)

54 (38.0%)

References

     

Birthplace of children

 Hospital + Health facility

157 (78.1%)

44 (21.9%)

8.70

5.30–14.28

< 0.0001*

9.75

5.72–16.62

< 0.001*

 Others

16 (29.1%)

39 (70.9%)

References

  

References

  

Place to receive vaccination

 Hospital + Health facility

136 (73.9%)

48 (26.1%)

2.75

1.14–6.68

0.03*

   

 Others

36 (50.7%)

35 (49.3%)

References

     

Received vaccination in outreach in the village

 Yes

77 (59.2%)

53 (40.8%)

0.46

0.22–0.94

0.03*

   

 No

95 (76%)

30 (24%)

References

     
  1. a CI confidence interval
  2. b IQR interquartile range
  3. c The mean number of children less than 15 years old was 2.3 with a standard deviation of 1.2 in the fully immunized group and 2.7 with a standard deviation of 1.4 in the partially immunized group
  4. d The mean time taken to reach the nearest health facilities was 26.9 minutes with a standard deviation of 25.4 in the fully immunized group and 33.9 minutes with a standard deviation of 38.6 in the partially immunized group
  5. * p < 0.05 was considered statistically significant