Table 5 Multivariate analysis for determinants of mental health of Thai farmers due to changes in agricultural context during the fifth wave of the COVID-19 pandemic

Crop cultivation context

 Change in type of crop cultivation

1.59

1.09,2.32*

0.76

0.57,1.02

0.77

0.57,1.03

 Decreased crop rotation

1.33

0.89,1.98

1.65

1.22,2.23**

1.36

1.01,1.84*

 Decreased crop duration

0.75

0.49,1.16

1.03

0.74,1.43

0.99

0.72,1.37

 Changed method of crop cultivation

0.95

0.62,1.46

0.99

0.71,1.36

1.03

0.75,1.43

 Decreased agricultural working days

2.54

1.69,3.83**

1.83

1.36,2.46**

1.39

1.03,1.88*

 Decreased labors

0.84

0.59,1.21

0.89

0.66,1.19

1.04

0.77,1.41

 Decreased crop protection

0.79

0.48,1.28

1.27

0.90,1.77

1.04

0.74,1.46

 Increased difficulty in accessing agrochemicals

1.45

1.03,2.04*

0.89

0.69,1.18

0.98

0.75,1.29

 Increased quantity of agrochemicals

0.97

0.65,1.45

1.13

0.82,1.54

1.29

0.94,1.77

 Changed agrochemical types

1.52

1.05,2.19*

1.73

1.32,2.29**

1.59

1.20,2.12**

Crop products context

 Decreased crop yields

1.45

1.04,2.04*

0.75

0.56,1.01

0.69

0.52,1.95

 Decreased crop product prices

1.21

0.86,1.69

0.97

0.72,1.30

0.98

0.72,1.33

 Increased difficulty in accessing markets

1.79

1.24,2.58**

1.14

0.83,1.57

1.17

0.83,1.63

 Increased difficulty in logistics

0.79

0.55,1.13

0.90

0.67,1.22

1.05

0.77,1.42

Agricultural economic context

 Increased household debt

1.56

1.12,2.17**

1.75

1.34,2.28**

1.45

1.09,1.90**