Table 8 Percent distribution of women with key characteristics, by pattern of violence, Peru
Women’s characteristics | Among women who reported: | p-value | All women in study subsample | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
No violence | Physical child punishment only | Co-occurrence (both) | IPV only | |||
n = 8,009 | n = 4,472 | n = 2,462 | n = 2,213 | N = 17,156 | ||
Women’s age | % | % | % | % |  | % |
 15–29 years | 28.6 | 33.6 | 29.1 | 22.7 |  < 0.001 | 29.2 |
 30–39 years | 42.9 | 43.2 | 45.3 | 44.4 |  | 43.5 |
 40–49 years | 28.6 | 23.2 | 25.6 | 32.8 |  | 27.3 |
Women's education | ||||||
 Primary or none | 21.6 | 28.5 | 28.3 | 25.7 | 0.001 | 24.9 |
 Lower secondary | 10.7 | 12.3 | 14.2 | 14.9 |  | 12.2 |
 Upper secondary | 29.6 | 29.3 | 30.6 | 31.8 |  | 30.0 |
 Post-secondary | 38.1 | 30.0 | 26.9 | 27.6 |  | 33.0 |
Household wealth | ||||||
 Poorest | 35.9 | 42.1 | 44.6 | 40.8 |  < 0.001 | 39.4 |
 Middle | 32.7 | 32.0 | 32.8 | 37.3 |  | 33.2 |
 Richest | 31.4 | 25.8 | 22.6 | 21.9 |  | 27.5 |
Residence | ||||||
 Urban | 76.8 | 72.8 | 74.0 | 78.8 |  < 0.001 | 75.6 |
 Rural | 23.2 | 27.2 | 26.0 | 21.2 |  | 24.4 |
Indigenous ethnicity | ||||||
 No | 82.0 | 85.2 | 77.7 | 73.8 |  < 0.001 | 81.2 |
 Yes | 18.0 | 14.8 | 22.3 | 26.2 |  | 18.9 |
Married/mother < age 18 | ||||||
 No | 73.5 | 68.4 | 64.4 | 64.8 |  < 0.001 | 69.8 |
 Yes | 26.5 | 31.6 | 35.6 | 35.2 |  | 30.2 |
Number of children aged 1–14 | ||||||
 1 | 52.5 | 37.3 | 35.0 | 46.3 |  < 0.001 | 45.2 |
 2+  | 47.5 | 62.7 | 65.0 | 53.7 |  | 54.8 |
Age of youngest child | ||||||
 1 year | 13.6 | 10.7 | 9.7 | 9.3 |  < 0.001 | 11.8 |
 2–5 years | 42.4 | 56.4 | 51.6 | 41.5 |  | 47.3 |
 6–9 years | 26.5 | 24.4 | 26.3 | 29.5 |  | 26.3 |
 10–14 years | 17.5 | 8.4 | 12.5 | 19.6 |  | 14.7 |
Partner tries to socially isolate her | ||||||
 No | 95.4 | 92.9 | 74.2 | 74.5 |  < 0.001 | 89.0 |
 Yes | 4.6 | 7.1 | 25.8 | 25.5 |  | 11.0 |
Partner drinks to excess | ||||||
 No | 47.5 | 42.3 | 23.2 | 30.1 |  < 0.001 | 40.4 |
 Yes | 52.5 | 57.7 | 76.8 | 69.9 |  | 59.6 |
Joint money decisions | ||||||
 No | 69.5 | 72.5 | 78.1 | 77.0 |  < 0.001 | 72.5 |
 Yes | 30.5 | 27.5 | 21.9 | 23.0 |  | 27.5 |
Shared household chores | Not measured | Â | Â | Â | Â | |
Wife beating justified | ||||||
 No/DK all reasons | 99.0 | 98.0 | 98.0 | 98.7 | 0.003 | 98.6 |
 Yes (1+ of 5 reasons) | 1.0 | 2.0 | 2.0 | 1.3 |  | 1.4 |
Physical punishment necessary | ||||||
 No/DK | 88.3 | 61.1 | 59.6 | 85.0 |  < 0.001 | 76.6 |
 Yes | 11.7 | 38.9 | 40.4 | 15.0 |  | 23.4 |
Violence in her childhood | ||||||
 None | 33.6 | 15.5 | 11.1 | 18.5 |  < 0.001 | 23.7 |
 By caregiver only | 32.2 | 43.6 | 33.7 | 27.0 |  | 34.7 |
 Co-occurrence | 24.1 | 34.0 | 46.7 | 44.6 |  | 32.6 |
 Exposure to IPV | 10.1 | 6.9 | 8.4 | 9.9 |  | 9.0 |
Violence in partner's childhood | Not measured | Â | Â | Â | Â | |