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Table 1 The age-standardized mortality rate of disease attributable to asbestos in 1990 and 2019, and its percentage change and estimated annual percentage change by sex for Global, Brazil, China, Kazakhstan, and Russia, from 1990 to 2019

From: A comparative study of the disease burden attributable to asbestos in Brazil, China, Kazakhstan, and Russia between 1990 and 2019

location

Gender

ASMR_1990 (95% UI)

ASMR_2019 (95% UI)

Percentage change

EAPC (95% CI)

Global

Both

3.97 (2.97–4.98)

3.05 (2.29–3.82)

-23.17%

-0.79 (-0.89 to -0.69)

Female

1.01 (0.72–1.34)

0.93 (0.6–1.21)

-7.92%

-0.22 (-0.30 to -0.14)

Male

8.17 (5.87–10.49)

5.88 (4.18–7.59)

-28.03%

-0.99 (-1.09 to -0.88)

Brazil

Both

2.05 (1.56–2.6)

1.9 (1.44–2.39)

-7.32%

-0.01 (-0.12 to 0.10)

Female

1.17 (0.76–1.57)

1.18 (0.78–1.56)

0.85%

0.22 (0.11 to 0.34)

Male

3.15 (2.13–4.27)

2.88 (1.98–3.92)

-8.57%

0.02 (-0.15 to 0.19)

China

Both

0.92 (0.62–1.38)

1.47 (0.98–2.13)

59.78%

2.80 (2.24 to 3.36)

Female

0.61 (0.37–1.03)

0.66 (0.36–0.96)

8.20%

0.69 (0.41 to 0.97)

Male

1.45 (0.82–2.46)

2.72 (1.59–4.3)

87.59%

3.69 (3.01 to 4.37)

Kazakhstan

Both

3.36 (2.03–5.47)

1.87 (1.15–2.87)

-44.35%

-2.97 (-3.61 to -2.32)

Female

1.43 (0.38–4.31)

0.88 (0.31–1.94)

-38.46%

-2.84 (-3.32 to -2.36)

Male

6.89 (4.23–10.27)

3.54 (2.12–5.24)

-48.62%

-3.09 (-3.74 to -2.44)

Russia

Both

1.75 (1.22–2.37)

1.82 (1.19–2.55)

4%

-0.54 (-1.17 to 0.09)

Female

0.64 (0.44–0.94)

0.65 (0.43–0.94)

1.56%

-0.10 (-0.32 to 0.12)

Male

4.22 (2.63–6.15)

3.95 (2.28–5.89)

-6.40%

-0.88 (-1.54 to -0.21)

  1. UI Uncertainty interval, CI Confidence interval, EAPC Estimated annual percentage change, ASMR Age standardized mortality rates