Table 2 Bivariate analysis between type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms with individual, contextual and structural variables [n = 16 835]
Variables/Categories | % | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Type 2 diabetes | Depressive symptoms | Total | |||||
No | Yes | No | Yes | ||||
Diseases | Type 2 diabetes* | ||||||
No | - | - | 89.0 | 80.8 | 87.8 | ||
Yes | - | - | 11.0 | 19.2 | 12.2 | ||
Depressive symptoms* | |||||||
No | 86.5 | 76.9 | - | - | 84.8 | ||
Yes | 13.5 | 23.1 | - | - | 15.2 | ||
Individual variables | Sex* | ||||||
Men | 42.9 | 35.8 | 44.6 | 27.1 | 42.0 | ||
Women | 57.1 | 64.2 | 55.5 | 72.9 | 58.0 | ||
Age group* | |||||||
20–34 | 35.2 | 3.9 | 33.0 | 21.7 | 31.4 | ||
35–59 | 46.4 | 48.1 | 46.1 | 49.4 | 46.6 | ||
60 + | 18.5 | 48.0 | 20.9 | 28.9 | 22.0 | ||
Marital statusξ | |||||||
No married | 35.7 | 31.9 | 34.5 | 39.4 | 35.2 | ||
Married | 64.3 | 68.2 | 65.5 | 60.6 | 64.8 | ||
Economically active population* | |||||||
No | 35.9 | 53.4 | 36.6 | 46.3 | 38.0 | ||
Yes | 64.1 | 46.6 | 63.4 | 53.7 | 62.0 | ||
Contextual variables | Obesity* | ||||||
No | 64.9 | 55.0 | 64.4 | 59.5 | 63.7 | ||
Yes | 35.1 | 45.0 | 35.6 | 40.5 | 36.3 | ||
Violenceξ | |||||||
No | 97.9 | 98.3 | 98.4 | 95.6 | 98.0 | ||
Yes | 2.1 | 1.7 | 1.6 | 4.4 | 2.0 | ||
Structural variables | Educational level* | ||||||
Elementary or less | 30.9 | 56.2 | 31.7 | 47.2 | 34.0 | ||
Middle school | 30.7 | 25.0 | 29.8 | 31.3 | 30.0 | ||
High school | 20.6 | 10.2 | 20.3 | 13.5 | 19.3 | ||
College or more | 17.7 | 8.6 | 18.1 | 8.1 | 16.7 | ||
Socioeconomic status* | |||||||
Low | 18.5 | 13.9 | 17.9 | 18.0 | 18.0 | ||
Medium–low | 49.5 | 53.4 | 49.0 | 55.9 | 50.0 | ||
Medium–high | 21.7 | 23.2 | 22.4 | 18.6 | 21.9 | ||
High | 10.3 | 9.5 | 10.7 | 7.5 | 10.2 | ||