Skip to main content

Table 1 Indvidual and household level factors of limited handwashing facility in sub-Saharan Africa, 2021: Data from the sub-Saharan afica Demographic and Health Survey since 2010 (n = 237,983)

From: Limited handwashing facility and associated factors in sub-Saharan Africa: pooled prevalence and multilevel analysis of 29 sub-Saharan Africa countries from demographic health survey data

Variables

Categories

Having limited handwashing facility

Total weighted frequency (%)

Yes 162,872 (68.44%)

No 75,111 (31.56%)

Age of HH head

< 35

55,874 (69.64%)

24,358 (30.36%)

80,231(33.71%)

35 – 60

77,249 (66.80%)

38,397 (33.20%)

115,646 (48.59%)

> 60

29,749 (70.65%)

12,356 (29.35%)

42,105 (17.69%)

Sex of the head

Male

119,558 (68.95%)

53,836 (31.05%)

173,394 (72.86%)

Female

43,315 (67.06%)

21,274 (32.94%)

64,589 (27.14%)

Educational status of HH head

No formal eduaction

62,044 (82.46%)

13,198 (17.54%)

75,242 (31.63%)

Primary school

54,028 (71.89%)

21,123 (28.11%)

75,151(31.59%)

Secondary school

37,269 (58.51%)

26,432 (41.49%)

63,701(26.78%)

Higher

9,471 (39.84%)

14,300 (60.16%)

23,771.47 (9.99%)

Marital status of the head

Never married

15,230 (56.57%)

11,694 (43.43%)

26,924 (11.31%)

Married

118,005 (69.73%)

51,220 (30.27%)

169,225 (71.11%)

Widowed/divorced/separated

29,638 (70.84%)

12,197 (29.16%)

41,835 (17.58%)

Household size

1 -3

55,103 (65.34%)

29,225 (34.66%)

84,328 (35.43%)

4 -7

81,086 ( 69.28%)

35,963 (30.72%)

117,049 (49.18%)

7+

26,683 (72.89%)

9,923 (27.11%)

36,606 (15.35%)

Wealth index

Poor

68,203 (82.26%)

14,713 (17.74%)

82,916 (34.84%)

Middile

34,392 (75.17%)

11,359 ( 24.83%)

45,751 (19.22%)

Riche

60,277 (55.14%)

49,039 (44.86%)

109,316 (45.93%)

Handwashing facility

Fixed

57,248 (57.49%)

42,334 (42.51%)

99,582 (41.84%)

Mobile

105,624 (76.32%)

32,777 (23.68%)

138,401(51.16%)

Source of water

Improved

120,669 (66.93%)

59,626 (33.07%)

180,295 (75.76%)

Unimproved

42,203 (73.16%)

15,485 (26.84%)

57,688 (24.24%)

Sanitaion facilitiy

Improved

82,859 (61.32%)

52,272 (38.68%)

135,131(56.78%)

Unimproved

80,013 (77.79%)

22,839 (22.21%)

102,852 (43.22%)

Time taken to get water

Less than 30

113,199 (64.99%)

60,981 (35.01%)

174,180 (73.19%)

Above 30

49,673 (77.85%)

14,130 (22.15%)

63,803 (26.81%)

Housing/ floor material

Sutandared

73,390 (58.19%)

52,739 (41.81%)

126,129 (53.00%)

Substandared

111,854 (80.00%)

22,372 (20.00%)

111,854 (47.00%)

Number of 

under five

No chilidren

69,528 (64.60%)

38,103 (35.40%)

107,631(45.23%)

1–2

80,122 (70.97%)

32,768 (29.03%)

112,890 (47.44%)

3+

13,222 (75.72%)

4,239 (24.28%)

17,461 (7.34%)