Table1 Characteristics of sociodemographic and cardiometabolic risk factors among spouse pairs and random male-female pairs

General characteristics

Mean age at baseline, years (SD)

5,391

63.2 (10.5)

60.4 (10.2)

< 0.001

5,391

63.2 (10.5)

60.4 (10.2)

< 0.001

Age group, years

5,391

< 0.001

5,391

< 0.001

 20–39, n (%)

293 (5.4%)

346 (6.4%)

293 (5.4%)

346 (6.4%)

 40–59, n (%)

931 (17.3%)

1,373 (25.5%)

931 (17.3%)

1,373 (25.5%)

 60–69, n (%)

2,678 (49.7%)

2,995 (55.6%)

2,678 (49.7%)

2,995 (55.6%)

 ≥70, n (%)

1,489 (27.6%)

677 (12.6%)

1,489 (27.6%)

677 (12.6%)

Education level

5,254

< 0.001　

5,245

< 0.001

 Low, n (%)

643 (12.2%)

443 (8.4%)

643 (12.3%)

440 (8.4%)

 Medium, n (%)

3,141 (59.8%)

3,884 (73.9%)

3,140 (59.9%)

3,884 (74.1%)

 High, n (%)

1,470 (28.0%)

927 (17.6%)

1,462 (27.9%)

921 (17.6%)

Risk factors

Mean weight, kg (SD)

5,390

66.5 (9.6)

54.1 (8.7)

< 0.001

5,385

66.4 (9.5)

54.1 (8.7)

< 0.001

Mean height, cm (SD)

5,391

166.7 (6.0)

154.3 (5.6)

< 0.001

5,391

166.7 (6.0)

154.4 (5.6)

< 0.001

Mean waist circumference, cm

(SD)

3,183

85.6 (8.2)

81.9 (9.2)

< 0.001

2,143

85.6 (8.1)

82.0 (9.0)

< 0.001

Mean body mass index, kg/m²

(SD)

5,198

23.9 (3.0)

22.7 (3.5)

< 0.001

5,009

23.9 (3.0)

22.7 (3.5)

< 0.001

Mean SBP, mmHg (SD)

5,106

129.7 (16.3)

125.9 (17.7)

< 0.001

4,840

129.7 (16.3)

125.9 (17.6)

< 0.001

Mean DBP, mmHg (SD)

5,106

78.9 (10.6)

75.2 (10.6)

< 0.001

4,841

78.9 (10.6)

75.2 (10.5)

< 0.001

Mean HbA1c, % (SD)

4,602

5.5 (0.5)

5.5 (0.4)

0.39

4,568

5.5 (0.4)

5.5 (0.3)

0.45

Mean total cholesterol, mg/dL

(SD)

1,964

201.5 (33.5)

213.7 (35.9)

< 0.001

841

202.2 (33.6)

211.7 (36.2)

< 0.001

Median triglycerides, mg/dL [IQR, 25th, 75th]

5,384

104

[75–151]

88

[64–121]

< 0.001

5,307

107

[76–155]

91

[65–127]

< 0.001

Mean HDL-C, mg/dL (SD)

5,384

57.0 (14.5)

66.5 (15.5)

< 0.001

5,375

57.0 (14.4)

66.5 (15.5)

< 0.001

Mean LDL-C, mg/dL (SD)

3,191

118.9 (29.8)

128.1 (30.4)

< 0.001

2,143

125.8 (33.7)

136.9 (33.6)

< 0.001

Lifestyle factors

Smoking status

5,313

< 0.001

5,313

< 0.001

 Currently a smoker, n (%)

1,104 (20.8%)

248 (4.7%)

1,101 (20.7%)

248 (4.7%)

 Smoker in the past, n (%)

3,066

(57.7%)

670 (12.6%)

3,073

(57.8%)

671 (12.6%)

 Never smoked, n (%)

1,143

(21.5%)

4,395

(82.7%)

1,139

(21.4%)

4,394 (82.7%)

Alcohol consumption status

5,356

< 0.001

5,354

< 0.001

 Currently a drinker, n (%)

4,201 (78.4%)

2,187 (40.8%)

4,195 (78.4%)

2,186 (40.8%)

 Drinker in the past, n (%)

196

(3.7%)

71

(1.3%)

198

(3.7%)

70

(1.3%)

 Never a drinker, n (%)

959

(17.9%)

2,558

(47.8%)

961

(17.9%)

3,098

(57.9%)

Sufficient physical activity (≥ 80th percentile of men’s MET hours/day)

5,342

1,074 (20.1%)

549 (10.3%)

< 0.001

5,318

1,063 (20.0%)

548

(10.3%)

< 0.001

Hypertension, n (%)

4,260

2,411 (56.6%)

1,770 (41.6%)

< 0.001

4,037

2,271 (56.3%)

1,719 (42.6%)

< 0.001

Type 2 diabetes, n (%)

3,469

504 (14.5%)

246 (7.1%)

< 0.001

3,355

501 (14.9%)

240 (7.2%)

< 0.001

Metabolic syndrome, n (%)

3,770

1,565 (41.5%)

1,026 (27.2%)

< 0.001

3,697

1,501 (40.6%)

1,014 (27.4%)

< 0.001