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Table 2 Combined association of family history of cardiovascular disease and combination of metabolic disease with myocardial infarction risk

From: Association of metabolic comorbidity with myocardial infarction in individuals with a family history of cardiovascular disease: a prospective cohort study

Family history of CVD

No. of participants

Myocardial infarction

Early-onset myocardial infraction

No. of MI

Hazard Ratio 1

(95% CI)

Hazard Ratio 2

(95% CI)

No. of early-onset MI 1

Hazard Ratio 1

(95% CI)

Hazard Ratio 2

(95% CI)

Negative

       

None

20,002

117

1.00

1.00

68

1.00

1.00

DM

945

17

3.10 (1.86–5.16)

2.09 (1.25–3.48)

4

1.27 (0.46–3.47)

1.55 (0.56–4.25)

HTN

18,095

237

2.27 (1.82–2.83)

1.59 (1.27–1.99)

109

1.80 (1.33–2.43)

2.09 (1.54–2.86)

DLP

8,357

94

1.99 (1.51–2.61)

1.60 (1.22–2.10)

46

1.67 (1.15–2.43)

1.86 (1.28–2.72)

DM and HTN

1,944

46

4.17 (2.96–5.86)

2.27 (1.60–3.22)

16

2.52 (1.46–4.34)

3.29 (1.88–5.76)

DM and DLP

945

24

4.54 (2.93–7.04)

2.86 (1.83–4.45)

3

0.99 (0.31–3.13)

1.25 (0.39–3.99)

HTN and DLP

13,008

232

3.19 (2.56–3.99)

2.02 (1.61–2.55)

79

1.88 (1.36–2.60)

2.32 (1.65–3.27)

DM, HTN, and DLP

2,753

65

4.37 (3.23–5.92)

2.58 (1.90–3.50)

27

3.13 (2.00-4.89)

4.11 (2.57–6.57)

Positive

       

None

4,354

31

1.23 (0.83–1.83)

1.32 (0.89–1.95)

20

1.37 (0.83–2.25)

1.32 (0.80–2.17)

DM

176

2

1.99 (0.49–8.04)

1.38 (0.34–5.58)

2

3.41 (0.84–13.9)

3.95 (0.97–16.13)

HTN

4,401

67

2.70 (2.00-3.65)

2.03 (1.51–2.74)

37

2.57 (1.72–3.83)

2.88 (1.92–4.32)

DLP

1,943

22

2.01 (1.27–3.16)

1.68 (1.07–2.66)

15

2.35 (1.34–4.11)

2.49 (1.42–4.37)

DM and HTN

421

8

3.48 (1.70–7.13)

1.98 (0.96–4.06)

3

2.26 (0.71–7.17)

2.96 (0.93–9.48)

DM and DLP

160

4

4.64 (1.71–12.6)

3.24 (1.19–8.79)

3

5.98 (1.88–18.99)

7.36 (2.30-23.52)

HTN and DLP

3,555

84

4.35 (3.29–5.76)

2.90 (2.18–3.86)

35

3.13 (2.08–4.70)

3.69 (2.43–5.62)

DM, HTN, and DLP

744

25

6.40 (4.15–9.85)

3.74 (2.45–5.71)

12

5.30 (2.87–9.79)

6.73 (3.59–12.63)

  1. Abbreviation, Cardiovascular disease (CVD); Myocardial infarction (MI); Confidence interval (CI); Hypertension (HTN); Diabetes mellitus (DM); Dyslipidemia (DLP)
  2. 1. Unadjusted hazard ratios.
  3. 2. Adjusted by sex, age at baseline, body mass index, waist and hip ratio, income level, current smoking status, current alcohol drinking, and regular exercise.