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Table 3 β and 95% confidence intervals for lipid profiles according to quartiles of urinary metabolites of benzene and toluene in the Korean adult (n = 3423)

From: Association of metabolites of benzene and toluene with lipid profiles in Korean adults: Korean National Environmental Health Survey (2015–2017)

 

Total cholesterol

Triglyceride

HDL-C

a LDL-C

 

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Unadjusted

Adjusted

Urinary ttMA

        

Q1

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Q2

0.00 (-0.02, 0.03)

-0.01 (-0.03, 0.02)

0.14 (0.05, 0.23)

0.08 (0.01, 0.15)

-0.03 (-0.06, 0.01)

-0.01 (-0.04, 0.02)

-0.03 (-0.07, 0.01)

-0.05 (-0.08, -0.01)

Q3

-0.01 (-0.03, 0.01)

-0.01 (-0.04, 0.01)

0.10 (0.01, 0.18)

0.04 (-0.03, 0.11)

0.01 (-0.02, 0.05)

0.02 (-0.01, 0.05)

-0.06 (-0.10, -0.02)

-0.06 (-0.10, -0.03)

Q4

0.00 (-0.02, 0.02)

-0.01 (-0.03, 0.02)

0.19 (0.12, 0.27)

0.13 (0.06, 0.20)

-0.01 (-0.04, 0.03)

-0.01 (-0.04, 0.03)

-0.05 (-0.09, -0.02)

-0.06 (-0.10, -0.02)

p for trend

0.932

0.979

0.225

0.159

0.186

0.853

0.325

< 0.001

Urinary BMA

        

Q1

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Ref.

Q2

-0.01 (-0.03, 0.01)

-0.01 (-0.03, 0.01)

-0.01 (-0.08, 0.07)

0.06 (-0.01, 0.12)

0.05 (0.01, 0.08)

0.02 (-0.01, 0.05)

-0.03 (-0.07, 0.01)

-0.04 (-0.08, -0.01)

Q3

0.00 (-0.02, 0.02)

-0.02 (-0.04, -0.01)

0.01 (-0.06, 0.09)

0.06 (-0.01, 0.11)

0.06 (0.03, 0.10)

0.04 (0.01, 0.07)

-0.05 (-0.09, -0.01)

-0.09 (-0.13, -0.05)

Q4

-0.03 (-0.05, -0.01)

-0.04 (-0.06, -0.01)

-0.02 (-0.11, 0.06)

0.03 (-0.03, 0.10)

0.05 (0.01, 0.08)

0.02 (-0.01, 0.06)

-0.07 (-0.12, -0.02)

-0.10 (-0.14, -0.05)

p for trend

0.055

< 0.001

0.684

0.361

0.989

0.052

0.115

< 0.001

aParticipants with TG levels > 400 mg/dL were excluded from LDL-C analysis (n = 3230).

Adjusted model was adjusted for age, sex, BMI, education level, marital status, household income level, smoking, alcohol consumption and exercise.

ttMA, trans,trans-muconic acid; BMA, benzylmercapturic acid; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein