Protective behavior and SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in the population – Results from the Gutenberg COVID-19 study

BMC Public Health

Table 2 Effect of protective behavior on SARS-CoV-2 infection risk in the population sample

	Univariate analysis*		Adjusted for time of enrollment, sociodemographics, pandemic-related behavior^†
	Prevalence ratio [95% CI]	P	Prevalence ratio [95% CI]	P
Physical distancing	0.71 [0.59; 0.85]	0.00015	0.77 [0.62; 0.96]	0.022
Use of face masks	0.73 [0.55; 0.96]	0.025	0.96 [0.68; 1.36]	0.83
Hand hygiene	1.08 [0.88; 1.34]	0.46	1.12 [0.88; 1.44]	0.36

Robust Poisson regression models. Dependent variable: SARS-CoV-2 infections during baseline and follow-up; independent variables: physical distancing, wearing face masks, and hand hygiene at baseline
* Physical distancing (n = 9,664), use of face masks (n = 9,678), hand hygiene
(n = 9,326)
^† Adjustment for time of enrolment into study, age, sex, socioeconomic status, occupational status, COVID-19 vaccination status, COVID-19 contact in the past two weeks, participation in gatherings in the past two weeks, travel (any), disinfecting hands (> 2 per day), and avoidance of shaking hands, attending gatherings, and hugging of people in direct surrounding area (n = 7,183). CI, confidence interval

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