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Table 1 Baseline characteristics according to alcohol consumption among males (n = 411)1 and females (n = 269)2

From: Alcohol consumption patterns and the risk of sarcopenia: a population-based cross-sectional study among chinese women and men from Henan province

 

Alcohol consumption (among males)1

Alcohol consumption (among females)2

 

Never

99(24.1%)

Light-to-moderate

218(53.0%)

Heavy

94(22.9%)

P

Never

143(53.2%)

Light-to-moderate

117(43.5%)

Heavy

9(3.3%)

 P

Ethanol

0

6.66 ± 6.70

61.02 ± 52.15

<0.0001

0

6.39 ± 6.49

60.12 ± 51.11

<0.0001

Age (y)

60.11 ± 9.51

61.07 ± 7.73

60.12 ± 7.47

0.492

57.92 ± 9.42

53.12 ± 8.79

55.44 ± 11.05

0.002

BMI, kg/m2

25.71 ± 3.41

25.80 ± 6.46

25.73 ± 3.51

0.986

24.99 ± 3.25

24.26 ± 2.77

26.67 ± 3.76

0.032

Physical activity

(MET-h/day)

8.25 ± 6.01

7.59 ± 7.39

7.08 ± 4.94

0.470

8.05 ± 8.70

8.68 ± 6.84

8.05 ± 7.32

0.662

Nap frequency

4.01 ± 2.80

4.21 ± 2.59

4.19 ± 2.49

0.824

3.65 ± 2.58

3.82 ± 2.59

2.94 ± 2.24

0. 607

Food intake (kcal)

1608 ± 527

1622 ± 441

1606 ± 473

0.954

1372 ± 433

1399 ± 388

1463 ± 352

0.758

Married

   

0.045

   

0.593

Yes

92(92.9%)

209(95.9%)

83(88.3%)

 

127(88.8%)

104(88.9%)

7(77.8%)

 

No

7(7.1%)

9(4.1%)

11(11.7%)

 

16(11.2%)

13(11.1%)

2(22.2%)

 

Education level

   

0.871

   

0.019

≤Primary school

7(7.1%)

20(9.2%)

8(8.5%)

 

33(23.1%)

17(14.5%)

1(11.1%)

 

Secondary school

72(72.7%)

145(66.5%)

64(68.1%)

 

91(63.6%)

66(56.4%)

5(55.6%)

 

University

20(20.2%)

53(24.3%)

22(23.4%)

 

19(13.3%)

34(29.1%)

3(33.3%)

 

Income

   

0.115

   

0.068

Low

25(25.3%)

32(14.7%)

20(21.3%)

 

28(19.6%)

19(16.2%)

1(11.1%)

 

Middle

50(50.5%)

132(60.6%)

46(48.9%)

 

88(61.5%)

62(53.0%)

7(77.8%)

 

High

24(24.2%)

54(24.8%)

28(29.8%)

 

27(18.9%)

36(30.8%)

1(11.1%)

 

Smoking

   

0.004

   

0.290

Yes

44(44.4%)

109(50.0%)

66(70.2%)

 

5(3.5%)

3(2.6%)

1 (11.1%)

 

No

34(34.4%)

66(30.3%)

20(21.3%)

 

135(94.4%)

114(42.7%)

8(88.9%)

 

Abstainers

21(21.2%)

43(19.7%)

8(8.5%)

 

3(2.1%)

0(0%)

0(0%)

 

Sarcopenia

   

0.472

   

0.708

Yes

5(5.1%)

19(8.7%)

6(6.4%)

 

11(7.7%)

9(7.7%)

0(0%)

 

No

94(94.9%)

199(91.3%)

88(93.7%)

 

132(92.3%)

108(92.3%)

9(100%)

 

SMI4

   

0.627

   

0.596

Yes

10(10.1%)

20(9.2%)

6(6.4%)

 

14(9.8%)

13(11.1%)

0(0%)

 

No

89(89.9%)

198(90.8%)

88(93.6%)

 

129(90.2%)

104(88.9%)

9(100%)

 

Grip strength

   

0.002

   

0.049

Yes

20(20.2%)

20(9.2%)

6(6.4%)

 

28(19.6%)

12(10.3%)

0(0%)

 

No

79(79.8%)

198(90.1%)

88(93.6%)

 

115(80.4%)

105(89.7%)

9(100%)

 

Gait speed

   

0.099

   

0.254

Yes

71(71.7%)

185(84.9%)

73(77.7%)

 

100(69.9%)

92(78.6%)

6(66.7%)

 

No

28(28.3%)

33(15.1%)

21(22.3%)

 

43(30.1%)

25(21.4%)

3(33.3%)

 
  1. Note: 1 Participants were classified into the following categories of alcohol consumption: never, light-to-moderate (≤ 25 g of ethanol) and heavy (> 25 g of ethanol). 2 Participants were classified into the following categories of alcohol consumption: never, light-to-moderate (≤ 15 g of ethanol) and heavy (> 15 g of ethanol). 3 For continuous variables, the means ± SDs are provided. One-way ANOVAs were selected to determine whether there were any significant differences. Categorical variables are provided as numbers and percentages (%), and chi-squared tests were used to determine whether any significant differences existed between groups. 4 SMI (skeletal muscle mass index)