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Table 4 Prevalence of SH behaviors within the last 12 months according to the participants’ sex and the study period, based on the “Sexual Violence among Young People” survey administered to the Spanish population aged 18–35 years

From: Prevalence of sexual harassment among young Spaniards before, during, and after the COVID-19 lockdown period in Spain

Sexual harassment experience

Complete sample

Male

Female

SH12m (n = 886)

Lockdown period

 

Lockdown period

 

Lockdown period

Before (n = 747)

During (n = 279)

After (n = 443)

SH12m (n = 273)

Before (n = 212)

During (n = 114)

After (n = 119)

SH12m (n = 630)

Before (n = 535)

During (n = 165)

After (n = 324)

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

Have you experienced sexual harassment within the last 12 months?

35.7

30.4

11.4

18.0

22.2

17.4

9.4

9.8

49.0

43.1

13.3

26.1

1.- Have you been subjected to insistent or lascivious glances that made you feel intimidated?

61.5

63.4

22.9

54.4

34.8

34.9

9.6

23.5

71.4

74.8

32.1

65.7

2.- Have you been shown or sent sexually explicit images or photos that made you feel offended, humiliated, or intimidated?

18.9

17.0

29.0

13.3

19.4

16.0

28.1

19.3

18.2

17.4

29.7

11.2

3.- Have you been subjected to sexual jokes or offensive comments about your body or private life?

41.6

39.7

32.2

34.3

37.4

39.6

24.6

27.7

42.4

39.8

37.6

36.7

4.- Have you ever been made inappropriate suggestions to have a date or any type of sexual activity that made you feel offended, humiliated, or intimidated?

20.9

17.7

21.5

19.9

15.0

12.3

14.0

18.5

22.8

19.8

26.7

20.4

5.- Have you been subjected to unwanted physical contact, such as unnecessarily close proximity, touching parts of your body, kissing/hugging, or any other type of contact that you did not want?

25.9

25.0

9.7

18.7

19.4

16.5

11.4

18.5

28.1

28.4

8.5

18.8

6.- Have you received inappropriate, humiliating, intimidating, or offensive advances via social networks such as Facebook, Instagram, or Twitter?

23.6

20.1

35.1

20.1

24.2

20.8

33.3

27.7

22.7

19.8

36.4

17.3

7.- Have you received sexually explicit or inappropriate emails, WhatsApp messages, or text messages that made you feel offended, humiliated, or intimidated?

19.4

16.5

32.6

17.8

23.8

22.6

34.2

26.9

16.9

14.0

31.5

14.5

8.- Have you been threatened with unpleasant consequences at work, such as a layoff, loss of salary supplements, continuous criticism of your work, etc. if you refused sexual advances?

1.4

1.1

0.7

0.9

2.6

2.4

1.8

1.7

0.8

0.6

0.0

0.6

9.- Has anyone indecently exposed themselves to you?

9.5

8.7

5.0

6.5

14.6

13.2

6.1

14.3

6.9

6.9

4.2

3.7

10.- Have you been forced to watch pornographic material against your will?

2.2

1.9

3.9

1.3

5.1

4.2

6.1

4.2

0.9

0.9

2.4

0.3

11.- Other than those listed above, have you experienced any similar situation with a sexual connotation that made you feel offended, humiliated, or intimidated?

7.9

7.1

5.4

5.6

4.8

4.7

3.5

4.2

9.0

8.0

6.7

6.2