Table 3 All-cause and cardiovascular mortality hazard ratios (HRs) in different subgroups^a

Age

 < 65

  (Normal nutrition without sarcopenia as reference)

   Sarcopenia with normal nutrition

2.61

1.81–3.77

< 0.001

1.26

0.41–3.90

0.681

   Malnutrition without sarcopenia

1.35

0.94–1.94

0.100

1.13

0.42–3.02

0.810

   Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome

5.77

3.21–10.37

< 0.001

7.10

1.38–36.64

0.019

 ≥ 65

  (Normal nutrition without sarcopenia as reference)

   Sarcopenia with normal nutrition

1.86

1.39–2.49

< 0.001

1.94

0.88–4.27

0.098

   Malnutrition without sarcopenia

1.12

0.87–1.44

0.389

1.17

0.63–2.17

0.619

   Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome

2.97

1.81–4.88

< 0.001

2.56

0.90–7.31

0.078

Sex

 Male

  (Normal nutrition without sarcopenia as reference)

   Sarcopenia with normal nutrition

1.65

1.24–2.19

< 0.001

1.48

0.62–3.53

0.380

   Malnutrition without sarcopenia

1.25

0.98–1.58

0.072

1.14

0.65–2.00

0.655

   Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome

2.78

1.92–4.02

< 0.001

3.35

0.87–12.95

0.080

Female

  (Normal nutrition without sarcopenia as reference)

   Sarcopenia with normal nutrition

1.58

1.06–2.36

0.025

2.50

1.17–5.34

0.018

   Malnutrition without sarcopenia

1.53

1.05–2.24

0.028

1.61

0.70–3.71

0.262

   Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome

2.55

1.11–5.85

0.027

4.53

0.51–40.21

0.175

Obesity

 Non-obese

  (Normal nutrition without sarcopenia as reference)

   Sarcopenia with normal nutrition

1.80

1.38–2.33

< 0.001

1.64

0.70–3.86

0.254

   Malnutrition without sarcopenia

1.35

1.06–1.72

0.017

1.21

0.65–2.25

0.549

   Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome

3.50

2.61–4.70

< 0.001

4.03

1.44–11.29

0.008

Obese

  (Normal nutrition without sarcopenia as reference)

   Sarcopenia with normal nutrition

1.33

0.89–1.98

0.166

1.28

0.46–3.50

0.632

   Malnutrition without sarcopenia

1.08

0.67–1.73

0.747

0.96

0.30–3.11

0.944

   Malnutrition-sarcopenia syndrome

1.71

0.74–3.91

0.207

2.67

0.35–20.05

0.341