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Table 1 Domain, variables, definition, and sources of SVI

From: Exploring spatial distribution of social vulnerability and its relationship with the Coronavirus disease 2019: the Capital region of South Korea

 

Domain

Variable

Definition

Data Source

Notes

References

Traditional SVI

A. Age

Older population

Percentage of older adults aged ≥ 65 years among the total registered resident population

Resident Population Statistics—Ministry of the Interior and Safety

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Neelon et al. (2021) [31], Biggs et al. (2021) [38], Kim and Bostwick (2020) [23], Islam et al. [41]

B. Socioeconomic disadvantage

Foreign minorities

Percentage of foreigners not of Korean descent or from an OECD country among the total foreigner population

Foreigner Arrival and Departure Statistics—Ministry of Justice

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Tiwari et al. (2021) [37], Cohen-Cline et al. (2021) [49]

Vulnerable groups

Percentage of low-income households, social assistance recipient households, and one-person households with an elderly social assistance recipient among the total number of households

Regional Statistics—Statistics Korea

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Neelon et al. (2021) [31], Biggs et al. (2021) [38], Amram et al. (2020) [39], Tiwari et al. (2021) [37], Islam et al. [41]

Disabled persons

Percentage of disabled individuals among the total population

Disability Statistics—Ministry of Health and Welfare

 

Biggs et al. (2021) [38], Islam et al. [41]

C. Housing

Old houses

Percentage of selected houses older than 30 years

Housing Census—Statistics Korea

 

Biggs et al. (2021) [38]

D. Income

Pension income

Average national pension amount per beneficiary

National Tax Statistics—National Pension Service

Reverse direction

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Biggs et al. (2021) [38], Islam et al. (2021) [41], Khan et al. (2022) [40]

Earned income

Average earned income reported to the National Tax Service per person

National Tax Statistics

National Tax Service

Reverse direction

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Biggs et al. (2021) [38], Islam et al. (2021) [41]

E. Environment

Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5

Annual average concentration (For measurements obtained from multiple locations, the average for all locations is used)

Air Pollution Status—Ministry of Environment

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Neelon et al. (2021) [31], Khan et al. (2022) [40]

Particulate Matter (PM)10

Annual average concentration (For measurements obtained from multiple locations, the average for all locations is used)

Air Pollution Status—Ministry of Environment

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15]

Healthy SVI

F. Prevention

Rate of engaging in physical activities

Percentage of individuals who engage in intense physical activities for at least 20 min/day for at least three days per week or moderate physical activities for at least 30 min/day for at least five days in the last one week

National Health Screening Statistics -

National Health Insurance Service

Reverse direction

Neelon et al. (2021) [31], Khan et al. (2022) [40]

Influenza immunization rate

Percentage of individuals vaccinated against the influenza virus (flu) in the past year

Community Health Survey—Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency

Reverse direction

Tiwari et al. (2021) [37]

G. Health-related habits

Smoking

Percentage of current smokers who have smoked at least five cartons of cigarettes throughout their lifetime

Community Health Survey—Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Neelon et al. (2021) [31], Kim and Bostwick (2020) [23], Khan et al. (2022) [40]

Obesity

Percentage of individuals with a body mass index ≥ 25 kg/m2

Community Health Survey—Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Kim and Bostwick (2020) [23], DeCaprio et al. (2020) [54], Khan et al. (2022) [40]

H. Chronic disease

Hypertension

Percentage of individuals aged ≥ 30 years diagnosed with hypertension

Community Health Survey—Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Kim and Bostwick (2020) [23], DeCaprio et al. (2020) [54]

Diabetes

Percentage of individuals aged ≥ 30 years diagnosed with diabetes

Community Health Survey—Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency

 

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Kim and Bostwick (2020) [23], DeCaprio et al. (2020) [54]

I. Healthcare infrastructures

Number of medical facilities

Number of health care facilities per 10,000 persons

Health Insurance Statistics—National Health Insurance Service Health Insurance Review and Assessment

Reverse direction

Tiwari et al. (2021) [37], Kim and Bostwick (2020) [23]

Number of beds

Number of beds per 10,000 persons

Health Insurance Statistics—National Health Insurance Service Health Insurance Review and Assessment

Reverse direction

Snyder and Parks (2020) [15], Coelho et al. (2020) [16], Khan et al. (2022) [40]

Number of professionals

Number of professionals per 10,000 persons

Health Insurance Statistics—National Health Insurance Service· Health Insurance Review and Assessment

Reverse direction

Tiwari et al. (2021) [37]

J. Mortality

Mortality of respiratory diseases

Percentage of deaths from respiratory diseases per 100,000 persons (J00–J98,U04)

Cause of Death Statistics—Statistics Korea

 

Amram et al. (2020) [39]

Mortality of infectious and parasitic diseases

Percentage of deaths from certain infections and parasitic diseases (A00–B99) per 100,000 persons

Cause of Death Statistics—Statistics Korea

 

Tiwari et al. (2021) [37]

  1. Note: OECD Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development