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Table 4 Observed mental health, quality of life, and well-being

From: An assessment of the proportion of LGB+ persons in the Belgian population, their identification as sexual minority, mental health and experienced minority stress

Variable

Within total sample

(n = 4632)

t; df; p-value; G

Within LGB+ group

(n = 464)

t; df; p-value; D

Heterosexual

(n = 4168; 89.98%)

LGB+

(n = 464; 10.02%)

Sexual Minority

(n = 244; 52.59%)

Non-Sexual Minority

(n = 220; 47.41%)

Mean (SD)

mean (SD)

mean (SD)

mean (SD)

Quality of lifea

4.08 (0.72)

3.79 (0.85)

7.19; 540; <.001*; .395

3.84 (0.84)

3.72 (0.85)

−1.53; 462; .127; .044

Resilienceb

3.29 (0.74)

3.02 (0.78)

7.60; 4630; <.001; .433

2.96 (0.80)

3.08 (0.76)

1.57; 462; .117; .146

Depressionc

4.83 (4.81)

7.97 (6.68)

−9.85; 518; <.001*; .751

8.41 (6.68)

7.48 (6.66)

−1.51; 462; .132; .140

Anxietyd

4.85 (4.46)

7.07 (5.47)

−8.42; 534; <.001*; .622

7.43 (5.36)

6.67 (5.57)

−1.49; 462; .136; .139

PTSDe

0.58 (1.22)

1.28 (1.73)

−8.41; 516; <.001*; .585

1.26 (1.78)

1.30 (1.68)

.23; 462; .817; .022

 

n (%)

n (%)

X2; df; p-value; V

n (%)

n (%)

X2; df; p-value; V

Number of trusted persons

  

1.47; 1; .225; .018

  

17.00; 1; <.001; .191

 0 to 3

2374 (57.19)

279 (60.13)

 

125 (51.23)

154 (70.00)

 

 4 and more

1777 (42.81)

185 (39.87)

 

119 (48.77)

66 (30.00)

 

Hazardous alcohol usef

  

.03; 1; .871; .029

  

2.66; 1; .103; .076

 Yes

1279 (37.88)

174 (37.50)

 

100 (40.98)

74 (33.64)

 

 No

2589 (62.12)

290 (62.50)

 

144 (59.02)

146 (66.36)

 

Sedative use

  

19.41; 2; <.001; .065

  

.03; 2; .986; .008

 No

2830 (67.90)

268 (57.76)

 

141 (57.79)

127 (57.73)

 

 Lifetime

561 (13.46)

81 (17.46)

 

42 (17.21)

39 (17.73)

 

 Past 12-months

777 (18.64)

115 (24.78)

 

61 (25.00)

54 (24.55)

 

Cannabis use

  

37.79; 2; <.001; .090

  

3.87; 2; .145; .091

 No

3149 (75.55)

301 (64.87)

 

152 (62.30)

149 (67.73)

 

 Lifetime

607 (14.56)

76 (16.38)

 

38 (15.57)

38 (17.27)

 

 Past 12-months

412 (9.88)

87 (18.75)

 

54 (22.13)

33 (15.00)

 

Illegal drug use

  

41.73; 2; <.001; .095

  

8.64; 2; .013; .136

 No

3923 (94.12)

402 (86.64)

 

206 (84.43)

196 (89.09)

 

 Lifetime

148 (3.55)

31 (6.68)

 

14 (5.74)

17 (7.73)

 

 Past 12-months

97 (2.33)

31 (6.68)

 

24 (9.84)

7 (3.18)

 

Suicide attempt

  

113.12; 2; <.001; .156

  

5.05; 2; .080; .104

 No

3948 (94.72)

380 (81.90)

 

194 (79.51)

186 (84.55)

 

 Lifetime

188 (4.51)

69 (14.87)

 

38 (15.57)

31 (14.09)

 

 Past 12-months

32 (.77)

15 (3.23)

 

12 (4.92)

3 (1.36)

 

Self-harm

  

227.13; 2; <.001; .221

  

6.77; 2; .034; .121

 No

3790 (90.93)

319 (68.75)

 

155 (63.52)

164 (74.55)

 

 Lifetime

280 (6.72)

87 (18.75)

 

52 (21.31)

35 (15.91)

 

 Past 12-months

98 (2.35)

58 (12.50)

 

37 (15.16)

21 (9.55)

 
  1. This table presents the observed mental health, quality of life and well-being of heterosexual participants and for participants who self-identified as LGB+ (LGB+), as well as for LGB+ who self-identified as being part of a sexual minority group (Sexual Minority) and those that did not (Non-Sexual Minority). A corrected p-level of .05/12 = .004 was used as the critical significance level for both sets of comparisons
  2. Abbreviations: LGB+ Lesbian, gay, bisexual, pan−/omnisexual, asexual, other, PTSD Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, SD Standard Deviation, df Degrees of freedom, G Hedges’ g, D Cohen’s d, V Cramer’s V
  3. aQuality of life: 5-point-Likert item; 1 = very poor to 5 = very good
  4. bBrief Resilience Scale (BRS): Low (0·00–2·99), Normal (3·00–4·30), High (4·31–5·00), from 0 to 5
  5. cPatient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9): Mild (5–9), Moderate (10–14), Moderately severe (15–19), Severe (≥20), from 0 to 27
  6. dGeneral Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7): Mild (5–9), Moderate (10–14), Severe (≥15), from 0 to 21
  7. ePrimary Care PTSD Screen for DSM-5 (PC-PTSD-5): Acute stress symptoms present (≥3), from 0 to 5
  8. fAlcohol Use Disorder Identification Test Short version (AUDIT-C): Yes (≥4 for females, ≥5 for males)
  9. * Equal variances not assumed: Welch t-test statistic
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