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Table 1 Differences in participant background characteristics and campaign outcomes by exposure to Meth-Free L.A. County campaign

From: Development and evaluation of a social marketing campaign to address methamphetamine use in Los Angeles County

 

No

Overall

Exposed

Not exposed

Bivariate estimate of exposure

 

% or M (SD)

OR (95% CI) or t-test

Race/ethnicity

 White (non-Hispanic)

650

35.4

27.7

72.3

1 (Ref)

 Black (non-Hispanic)

235

12.8

27.7

72.3

1.00 (0.71, 1.39)

 Hispanic or Latinx

539

29.4

23.0

77.0

0.78 (0.60, 1.02)

 Asian (non-Hispanic)

179

9.8

13.4

86.6

0.40*** (0.25, 0.64)

 Mixed racea

205

11.2

24.4

75.6

0.84 (0.59, 1.21)

 Other (non-Hispanic)

26

1.4

19.2

80.8

0.62 (0.23, 1.67)

Gender

 Female

755

40.3

20.4

79.6

1 (Ref)

 Male

1065

56.9

26.9

73.1

1.44*** (1.15, 1.80)

 Other or unsure

53

2.8

32.1

67.9

1.84* (1.01, 3.37)

Age (range: 18–70)

1873

30.7 (9.86)

30.6 (9.50)

30.7 (9.98)

t(1871) = 0.28

Education

 High school degree or less

354

18.9

26.0

74.0

1 (Ref)

 Some college or trade school

508

27.1

22.6

77.4

0.83 (0.61, 1.14)

 College degree

691

36.9

24.0

76.0

0.90 (0.67, 1.21)

 Graduate work or degree

320

17.1

26.6

73.4

1.03 (0.73, 1.45)

Annual household income

  ≤ $30,000

634

35.8

25.4

74.6

1 (Ref)

 $30,001-$60,000

483

27.3

23.0

77.0

0.88 (0.66, 1.16)

 $60,001 or higher

653

36.9

25.9

74.1

1.03 (0.80, 1.32)

Meth use history

 Never

1485

81.1

20.8

79.2

1 (Ref)

 Over 12 months ago

176

9.6

34.1

65.9

1.97*** (1.41, 2.75)

 Over 30 days-12 months ago

63

3.4

49.2

50.8

3.69*** (2.21, 6.14)

 In the past 30 days

107

5.8

43.0

57.0

2.87*** (1.92, 4.29)

Men who have sex with men, ages 18–70

 No

1202

64.2

22.9

77.1

1 (Ref)

 Yes

671

35.8

27.3

72.7

1.26* (1.02, 1.57)

Adults in higher-risk jobsb, ages 18–35

 No

926

49.4

21.2

78.8

1 (Ref)

 Yes

947

50.6

27.7

72.3

1.42*** (1.15, 1.76)

Adults who live in higher-risk zip codes, ages 18–35

 No

1019

54.4

23.7

76.3

1 (Ref)

 Yes

854

45.6

25.4

74.6

1.10 (0.89, 1.36)

Adults unemployed at least 9 months in the past year, ages 18–35

 No

1472

78.6

24.8

75.2

1 (Ref)

 Yes

401

21.4

23.2

76.8

0.92 (0.71, 1.19)

Adults who experienced homelessness in the past year, ages 18–35

 No

1673

89.3

22.4

77.6

1 (Ref)

 Yes

200

10.7

41.5

58.5

2.45*** (1.81, 3.33)

COVID-19-related factors scale (5 = greater likelihood of using or actual use of meth)

1518

3.57 (0.78)

3.62 (0.78)

3.55 (0.78)

t(1516) = -1.39

Negative attitudes towards meth use (5 = more negative attitudes)

1873

3.84 (0.61)

3.90 (0.65)

3.83 (0.60)

t(1871)* = -2.20

Concerned about the impact of meth in the community (5 = very concerned)

1873

3.25 (1.31)

3.41 (1.33)

3.19 (1.30)

t(1871)** = -3.14

Has discussed meth use with others

 No

800

42.7

16.7

83.3

1 (Ref)

 Yes

1073

57.3

30.2

69.8

2.15*** (1.71, 2.70)

Has looked online for meth prevention or treatment information

 

 No

1257

67.1

18.6

81.4

1 (Ref)

 Yes

616

32.9

36.4

63.6

2.50*** (2.01, 3.10)

Has heard of SASH

 No

1270

67.8

19.5

80.5

1 (Ref)

 Yes

603

32.2

34.8

65.2

2.20*** (1.77, 2.73)

Has ever called SASH

 No

1746

93.2

21.3

78.7

1 (Ref)

 Yes

127

6.8

67.7

32.3

7.75*** (5.25, 11.43)

Used meth the past 30 days

 No

1724

94.3

43.0

57.0

1 (Ref)

 Yes

107

5.7

23.2

76.8

2.50*** (1.67, 3.72)

Number of days used meth in the past 30 days

 1–9 days

35

32.7

65.7

34.3

1 (Ref)

 10 days-everyday

72

67.3

31.9

68.1

0.24*** (0.10, 0.58)

Is currently considering quitting meth use

 No

40

38.5

35.0

65.0

1 (Ref)

 Yes

64

61.5

48.4

51.6

1.74 (0.77, 3.94)

When plans to quit meth use

 Over 30 days or unsure

38

59.4

34.2

65.8

1 (Ref)

 In the next 30 days

26

40.6

69.2

30.8

4.33** (1.48, 12.60)

  1. N 1,873, OR Odds Ratio, CI Confidence Interval. Those who declined responses are excluded
  2. aMixed race is a mutually exclusive category
  3. bRespondents in higher-risk jobs work: more than 12 h a day; in two or more jobs; 2nd and/or 3rd shifts; in the entertainment industry or are Uber/Lyft/cab drivers; bar, restaurant, customer service, or other hospitality workers; truck drivers, movers; janitorial workers; construction workers; house painters; factory/manufacturing/warehouse workers; and/or agriculture workers
  4. *p ≤ .05
  5. **p ≤ .01
  6. ***p ≤ .001