Skip to main content

Table 3 Reversion to smoking among switchers: risk perceptions and sociodemographic characteristics

From: US adult smokers’ perceived relative risk on ENDS and its effects on their transitions between cigarettes and ENDS

 

Switchers – Reversion

Univariate results

Multivariable resultsd

OR (95% CI)

aOR (95% CI)

Time

Lineara

0.88 (0.79 – 0.98)

0.87 (0.78 – 0.98)

Risk perception

Less harmfulb

Reference

Equally/more harmful

1.37 (0.98 – 1.93)

1.34 (0.93 – 1.93)

Race/ethnicity

NH White

Reference

NH Black

0.87 (0.43 – 1.77)

0.79 (0.39 – 1.61)

Hispanic

1.61 (1.07 – 2.40)

1.44 (0.96 – 2.16)

NH others

1.16 (0.67 – 2.00)

0.98 (0.56 – 1.72)

Sex

Male

Reference

Female

0.96 (0.73 – 1.26)

0.96 (0.73 – 1.27)

Age

18 – 24

Reference

25 – 44

0.57 (0.40 – 0.79)

0.63 (0.41 – 0.96)

45 – 54

0.46 (0.29 – 0.74)

0.49 (0.29 – 0.80)

55 or older

0.36 (0.23 – 0.56)

0.40 (0.23 – 0.68)

Marital statusc

Married

Reference

D/S/W

1.29 (0.86 – 1.93)

1.32 (0.86 – 2.04)

Never married

1.57 (1.19 – 2.07)

1.10 (0.78 – 1.53)

Household income

 < $25 k

Reference

$25 k – $50 k

0.59 (0.40 – 0.88)

0.64 (0.42 – 0.96)

 > $50 k

0.62 (0.45 – 0.87)

0.73 (0.51 – 1.06)

Educational attainment

HS/GED or less

Reference

Some college

1.07 (0.81 – 1.41)

1.07 (0.80 – 1.44)

Bachelor or higher

0.69 (0.46 – 1.03)

0.80 (0.50 – 1.26)

  1. Boldface represents statistically significant results
  2. NH Non-Hispanic, HS High school, D/S/W Divorced/Separated/Widowed
  3. aNo quadratic effects of time were found at both univariate (OR 1.00; CI 0.88 – 1.13) and multivariate (OR 1.00; CI 0.87 – 1.14) level models
  4. bFor reversion analysis, the “less harmful” level of risk perception was used as the referent category
  5. cMarital status of Wave 1 has been extrapolated from the marital status of Wave 2 due to unavailability in the survey
  6. dMultivariable results are based on 1693 observations from 1063 unique participants, and represent an analysis with all listed variables simultaneously in the model
  7. Marginally significant at P = 0.0672