Table 1 Adoption of ENDS among never-ENDS-using smokers: risk perceptions and sociodemographic characteristics

Time

Linear

0.19 (0.10 – 0.35)

0.22 (0.12 – 0.43)

Quadratic

1.32 (1.16 – 1.51)

1.31 (1.14 – 1.50)

Risk perception

Equally/more harmful

Reference

Less harmful

1.68 (1.35 – 2.09)

1.35 (1.04 – 1.73)

Race/ethnicity

NH White

Reference

NH Black

0.60 (0.45 – 0.80)

0.58 (0.42 – 0.80)

Hispanic

0.57 (0.40 – 0.82)

0.55 (0.37 – 0.81)

NH others

1.20 (0.72 – 2.02)

1.06 (0.64 – 1.78)

Sex

Male

Reference

Female

1.03 (0.80 – 1.34)

0.99 (0.76 – 1.28)

Age

18 – 24

Reference

25 – 44

0.49 (0.35 – 0.68)

0.54 (0.38 – 0.77)

45 – 54

0.33 (0.24 – 0.46)

0.36 (0.24 – 0.53)

55 or older

0.18 (0.13 – 0.25)

0.19 (0.13 – 0.28)

Marital status^a

Married

Reference

D/S/W

1.07 (0.81 – 1.41)

1.27 (0.96 – 1.69)

Never married

1.39 (1.10 – 1.76)

1.12 (0.85 – 1.46)

Household income

 < $25 k

Reference

$25 k – $50 k

1.07 (0.84 – 1.38)

0.99 (0.76 – 1.29)

 > $50 k

1.05 (0.83 – 1.33)

0.95 (0.71 – 1.28)

Educational attainment

HS/GED or less

Reference

Some college

1.23 (0.97 – 1.56)

1.08 (0.85 – 1.38)

Bachelor or higher

1.05 (0.76 – 1.44)

0.92 (0.63 – 1.33)