Table 2 Factors associated with early pregnancy and motherhood among 15–19 years old adolescents in the Gambia, GDHS 2019–20(n = 2,633)

Age^b(mean with SD¹)

16.99(1.41)

2.05(1.87,2.25)

2.15(1.93,2.39)^b

Wealth index

 Poor

759(80.00)

190(20.00)

1

1

 Middle

432(82.96)

89(17.04)

0.79(0.61,1.02)

0.84(0.58,1.21)

 Rich

1,088(93.57)

75(6.43)

0.27(0.19,0.36)

0.35(0.23,0.54)^b

Educational attainment

 No education

279(64.22)

156(35.78)

1

1

 Primary

374(79.52)

96(20.48)

0.49(0.38,0.64)

0.58(0.43,0.79)^b

 Secondary and above

1,626(94.13)

102(5.87)

0.13(0.09,0.17)

0.12(0.09,0.17)^b

Occupational status

 Currently not working

1,665(88.68)

213(11.32)

1

1

 Currently working

614(81.35)

141(18.65)

1.88(1.53, 2.31)

1.01(0.77,1.30)

Knowledge of ovulatory cycle

 During her period

90(89.02)

11(10.98)

1.36(0.72,2.59)

1.09(0.52,2.32)

 After period ended

638(80.33)

156(19.67)

2.45(1.62,3.72)

1.99(1.23,3.22)^b

 Middle of the cycle

332(84.51)

61(15.49)

1.51(0.93,2.45)

1.55(0.88,2.71)

 Before period begin

306(87.90)

42(12.10)

1.51(0.93,2.46)

1.54(0.91,2.79)

 At anytime

196(89.09)

24(10.91)

1

1

 Do not know

717(92.40)

59(7.60)

0.76(0.48,1.21)

0.74(0.44,1.23)

Knowledge of any methods

 No

127(92.52)

10(7.48)

1

1

 Yes

2,153(86.25)

343(13.75)

2.04(1.14,3.64)

1.71(0.88,3.33)

Household member

 1–10

1,055(87.24)

154(12.76)

1

1

 10 + 

1,224(86.01)

199(13.99)

1.27(1.03,1.56)

1.25(1.01,1.55)^b

Owning mobile phone

 No

1,106(89.20)

134(10.80)

1

1

 Yes

1,173(84.24)

219(15.76)

0.74(0.59,0.91)

0.82(0.61,1.11)

Use of the internet

 Never

1,140(88.07)

154(11.93)

1

1

 Ever use

1,140(85.14)

199(14.86)

1.27(1.04,1.56)

1.21(0.89,1.66)

Watching to television

 No

958(83.65)

187(16.35)

1

1

 Yes

1,322(88.83)

166(11.17)

1.68(1.37,2.07)

0.90(.69,1.17)

Covered by health insurance

 No

2,227(86.40)

351(13.60)

1

1

 Yes

53(95.08)

3(4.92)

3.67(0.88,15.31)

1.09(0.24,5.02)

Place of residence

 Urban

1,693(89.05)

208(10.95)

1

1

 Rural

587(80.16)

145(19.84)

0.48(0.39, 0.60)

0.77(0.55,1.09)