Table 1 Examples of barriers and facilitators to engagement

Attitude of the Moderator:

1. A visibly clear and comfortable willingness to engage with students about mental health.

Attitude of the Moderator:

Not encouraging nor inviting of conversation.

2. Permitting space for students to “take the lead” discussing key lessons.

Lack of direct instruction for students (when required) linking emotion-action-thought.

Relationship to the school:

1. An identifiable adult who can further discussions and/or referrals as needed. This need not be the teacher.

Relationship to the school:

School and/or teacher not previously known by students to have facilitated or participated in mental health initiatives.

2. Having established trust with a known identifiable adult.

Student’s feeling not understood and accepted.

Student knowledge:

1. Knowledge of individual protective factors.

Character Identification

Having choice in literacy novel.

2. Upfront discussion and understanding of system level support both internal and external to the school along with clear support plan of action.

Incorporating or having culturally relevant examples and scenarios in the story.

Process:

1. Group work and peer interactions.

Process:

For concepts that were determined by peers to not often be discussed, ample opportunity to have questions answered.

2. Permitting space for CBT practice.

Inability to balance workload and differentiate instruction.

3. Student involvement in the implementation process.