Neighborhood-level socioeconomic factors moderate the association between physical activity and relative age effect: a cross-sectional survey study with Japanese adolescents

Table 4 Estimates from multilevel logistic modeling for female adolescents’ organized sports participation (n = 4015)

	Model 1	Model 2a	Model 2b	Model 2c
	OR(95%CI)	OR(95%CI)	OR(95%CI)	OR(95%CI)
Fixed effects
Intercept	0.94 (0.75–1.18)	0.94 (0.74–1.19)	0.94 (0.74–1.18)	0.92 (0.73–1.17)
Birth month	0.94 (0.87–1.00)	0.94 (0.87–1.00)	0.94 (0.87–1.00)	0.93 (0.87–1.00)
Socioeconomic factor
Areal deprivation		1.00 (0.99–1.01)
Average annual income			1.00 (1.00–1.00)
Education level				0.98 (0.95–1.02)

OR: odds ratio, 95%CI: 95% confidence interval
Model 1: Only birth month was considered. No socioeconomic factor was added
Model 2: Birth month and one socioeconomic factor(Model 2a: Areal deprivation, Model 2b: Average annual income, Model 2c: Education level)
All models were adjusted for age, body weight, population density
Interclass correlation coefficients = 0.09, Design effect = 8.48

ISSN: 1471-2458