Table 3 Differences between users and non-users* of iodised salt
From: Knowledge and awareness about and use of iodised salt among students in Germany and Greece
Germany (n = 322) | Use of iodised salt (n = 147) | No use/no awareness (n = 175) | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
Median (IQR) | Effect size (Cohen)a | p-value | AOR (95%-CI)b | p-value | ||
Agec (years) | 22 (20–25) | 21 (20–23) | 0.1 | 0.07 | 1.08 (1.001; 1.16) | 0.048 |
BMId (kg/m2) | 22.2 (20.7–24.5) | 21.9 (20.2–24.4) | 0.06 | 0.32 | 1.046 (0.97; 1.12) | 0.25 |
Knowledge score (score points) | 14 (12–17) | 13 (12–15) | 0.13 | 0.02 | 1.07 (0.98; 1.17) | 0.15 |
n (%) | OR (95% CI)e | p-value | AOR (95%-CI)b | p-value | ||
Genderf | ||||||
Male | 94 (64) | 117 (68) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Female | 52 (36) | 55 (32) | 1.18 (0.74; 1.88) | 0.49 | 1.10 (0.64; 1.90) | 0.72 |
Nutrition course | ||||||
No | 119 (81) | 164 (94) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Yes | 28 (19) | 11 (6) | 3.51 (1.68; 7.30) | < 0.01 | 3.26 (1.55; 6.87) | < 0.05 |
Interest in nutrition | ||||||
Not at all | 5 (3) | 9 (5) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Moderate | 97 (66) | 115 (66) | 1.52 (0.49; 4.68) | 0.47 | 1.32 (0.42; 4.19) | 0.63 |
Very interested | 45 (31) | 51 (29) | 1.59 (0.50; 5.09) | 0.43 | 1.002 (0.29; 3.38) | 0.99 |
Attention to food labelsf | ||||||
Rarely/never | 93 (65) | 129 (74) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Sometimes/always | 51 (35) | 45 (26) | 1.57 (0.97; 2.54) | 0.065 | 1.37 (0.81; 2.32) | 0.24 |
Greece (n = 394) | Use of iodised salt (n = 148) | No use/ no awareness (n = 246) | Univariate Analysis | Multivariate Analysis | ||
Median (IQR) | Effect size (Cohen)a | p-value | AOR (95%-CI)b | p-value | ||
Age (years) | 21 (20–22) | 21 (20–21) | 0.05 | 0.33 | 1.02 (0.93; 1.12) | 0.62 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.3 (21.2–25.5) | 22.9 (21.2–24.9) | 0.06 | 0.25 | 1.03 (0.97; 1.10) | 0.31 |
Knowledge score (score points) | 10.5 (9–12) | 9.5 (8–12) | 0.15 | < 0.01 | 1.11 (1.02; 1.20) | < 0.05 |
n (%) | OR (95% CI)e | p-value | AOR (95%-CI)b | p-value | ||
Gender | ||||||
Male | 68 (46) | 22 (31) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Female | 80 (54) | 50 (69) | 1.21 (0.81; 1.83) | 0.35 | 1.26 (0.82; 1.95) | 0.29 |
Nutrition course | ||||||
No | 133 (90) | 237 (96) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Yes | 15 (10) | 9 (4) | 2.97 (1.26; 6.97) | < 0.01 | 3.22 (1.34; 7.78) | < 0.01 |
Interest in nutrition | ||||||
Not at all | 8 (5) | 16 (6) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Moderate | 105 (71) | 169 (69) | 1.24 (0.51; 3.00) | 0.63 | 1.18 (0.47; 2.98) | 0.72 |
Very interested | 35 (24) | 61 (25) | 1.15 (0.45; 2.95) | 0.77 | 1.06 (0.39; 2.88) | 0.91 |
Attention to food labels | ||||||
Rarely/never | 109 (74) | 156 (63) | Ref. | Ref. | ||
Sometimes/always | 39 (26) | 90 (37) | 0.62 (0.39; 0.97) | < 0.05 | 0.51 (0.32; 0.82) | < 0.01 |