Table 4 Studies by SEP indicator and factors examined

Early life

Massion et al. 2016 [25]

Goisis, Sacker, and Kelly 2016;

Goisis, Martinson, and Sigle 2019; Noonan 2018;

Walsh and Cullinan 2015 [28, 31, 39, 42]

Layte et al. 2014; Wijlaars et al. 2011 [17, 33]

-

-

Silverwood et al. 2016; Stuart and Panico 2016 [35, 36]

Screen time

Oude Groeniger, De Koster, and Van Der Waal 2020 [27]

Goisis, Sacker, and Kelly 2016;

Goisis, Martinson, and Sigle 2019;

Walsh and Cullinan 2015 [31, 39, 42]

Layte et al. 2014 [17]

Noonan et al. 2016 [41]

-

-

Child diet

Parkes et al. 2016 [34]

Goisis, Sacker, and Kelly 2016;

Goisis, Martinson, and Sigle 2019; Noonan 2018;

Walsh and Cullinan 2015 [28, 31, 39, 42]

Layte et al. 2014 [17]

-

-

-

Parent-level

Parkes et al. 2016 [34]

Goisis, Sacker, and Kelly 2016;

Goisis, Martinson, and Sigle 2019;

Walsh and Cullinan 2015 [31, 39, 42]

Wijlaars et al. 2011 [33]

-

-

Martinson, McLanahan, and Brooks-Gunn 2012 [37]

Child health

-

Goisis, Sacker, and Kelly 2016;

Goisis, Martinson, and Sigle 2019;

Walsh and Cullinan 2015 [31, 39, 42]

-

Noonan et al. 2016 [41]

-

Laverty et al. 2021; Noonan and Fairclough 2018 [30, 40]

Household-level

-

Walsh and Cullinan 2015 [42]

-

Mireku and Rodriguez 2020 [45]

-

Martinson, McLanahan, and Brooks-Gunn 2012 [37]

Geography

-

Walsh and Cullinan 2015 [42]

-

Cetateanu and Jones 2014;

Noonan et al. 2016 [41, 46]

-

Schalkwijk et al. 2018 [38]

Ethnicity

-

Goisis, Martinson, and Sigle 2019 [31]

-

Strugnell et al. 2020 [44]

-

Lu, Pearce, and Li 2020; Martinson, McLanahan, and Brooks-Gunn 2012 [37, 43]

ACE

Straatmann et al. 2020 [26]

-

-

-

-

-

School-level

-

-

Townsend, Rutter, and Foster 2012 [32]

-

-

Child height

-

-

-

Samani-Radia and McCarthy 2011 [29]

-