Spatial and multilevel analysis of unskilled birth attendance in Chad

BMC Public Health

Table 1 Background characteristics and prevalence of unskilled birth attendants

Variables	Frequency (N = 10,745)	Percentage	Proportion of unskilled birth attendants	X² (p-value)
Individual variables
Age				27 (0.000)
15–19	1152	10.7	58.1
20–24	2365	22.0	60.4
25–29	2822	26.3	62.3
30–34	2085	19.4	61.9
35–39	1411	13.1	63.9
40–44	712	6.6	59.6
45–49	197	1.9	59.6
Educational level				1.1e + 03 (0.000)
No formal education	7000	65.1	71.3
Primary	2568	23.9	51.3
Secondary	1113	10.4	27.2
Higher	64	0.6	1.7
Wealth index				1.3e + 03 (0.000)
Poorest	2215	20.6	71.1
Poorer	2307	21.5	69.3
Middle	2171	20.2	70.5
Richer	2164	20.1	65.6
Richest	1888	17.6	25.8
Marital status				204 (0.000)
Never in a marital union	135	1.2	28.8
Married	8984	83.6	64.4
Cohabitation	900	8.4	46.2
Widowed	177	1.7	54.5
Divorced	229	2.1	48.4
Separated	320	3.0	52.9
Occupation				10 (0.001)
Not working	5053	47.0	62.7
Working	5692	53.0	60.5
Birth order				57 (0.000)
1	1556	14.5	52.8
2–3	2962	27.6	62.6
4 +	6227	57.9	63.2
Media				945 (0.000)
No	7741	72.0	70.2
Yes	3004	28.0	39.1
Desire for birth				55 (0.000)
Then	8734	81.3	63.0
Later	791	7.4	61.9
No more	1220	11.3	50.6
Antenatal care visits				937 (0.000)
Less than 4	7204	67.0	71.2
4 or more	3541	33.0	41.9
Community variables
Socioeconomic status				776 (0.000)
Low	7004	65.2	70.7
Moderate	466	4.3	56.7
High	3275	30.5	42.6
Literacy level				1.3e + 03 (0.000)
Low	4539	42.3	79.0
Moderate	1917	17.8	59.7
High	4289	39.9	43.9
Place of residence				1.2e + 03 (0.000)
Urban	2124	19.8	29.8
Rural	8621	80.2	61.5
Total	10,745		61.5

ISSN: 1471-2458