Variable | Group | Before | After | Sig.* | Difference | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Mean | SE | Mean | SE | Mean | SE | |||
Self-management | Intervention | 36.06 | 1.41 | 64.94 | 1.03 | < 0.001 | 28.88 | 1.62 |
Control | 36.71 | 1.34 | 36.91 | 1.30 | 0.10 | 0.20 | 0.12 | |
Sig.** | 0.73 | < 0.001 | –––– | < 0.001 | ||||
Quality of life | Intervention | 40.50 | 1.01 | 57.40 | 0.96 | < 0.001 | 16.90 | 1.04 |
Control | 42.75 | 1.31 | 43.32 | 1.35 | 0.18 | 0.57 | 0.42 | |
Sig.** | 0.17 | < 0.001 | –––– | < 0.001 | ||||
HbA1c | Intervention | 8.29 | 0.14 | 6.28 | 0.18 | < 0.001 | -2.01 | 0.09 |
Control | 8.44 | 0.19 | 8.13 | 0.28 | 0.10 | -0.30 | 0.18 | |
Sig.** | 0.54 | < 0.001 | –––– | < 0.001 | ||||
Fasting blood sugar | Intervention | 193.64 | 9.26 | 127.96 | 3.67 | < 0.001 | -65.68 | 1.10 |
Control | 192.61 | 9.08 | 183.02 | 8.60 | 0.19 | -9.59 | 1.05 | |
Sig.** | 0.93 | p < 0.001 | –––– | < 0.001 | ||||
Waist circumference | Intervention | 103.50 | 1.55 | 98.16 | 1.38 | < 0.001 | -5.34 | 0.57 |
Control | 99.88 | 1.52 | 100.90 | 1.61 | 0.11 | 1.02 | 0.63 | |
Sig.** | 0.10 | 0.20 | –––– |  < 0.001 | ||||
Body mass index | Intervention | 31.04 | 0.76 | 29.58 | 0.64 | < 0.001 | -1.45 | 0.22 |
Control | 30.11 | 0.58 | 30.05 | 0.58 | 0.68 | -0.05 | 0.13 | |
Sig.** | 0.33 | 0.59 | –––– | < 0.001 | ||||
Systolic blood pressure | Intervention | 122.40 | 2.21 | 113.60 | 1.99 | < 0.001 | -8.80 | 1.68 |
Control | 117.96 | 2.55 | 116.53 | 2.41 | 0.27 | -1.42 | 1.30 | |
Sig.** | 0.19 | 0.35 | –––– | < 0.001 | ||||
Diastolic blood pressure | Intervention | 77.80 | 1.67 | 71.50 | 1.41 | < 0.001 | -6.30 | 1.6 |
Control | 76.02 | 1.61 | 73.98 | 1.60 | 0.07 | -2.04 | 1.12 | |
Sig.** | 0.34 | 0.44 | –––– |  0.033 |