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Table 3 Comparison of mean scores of outcome measures within and between intervention and control groups, before and after training program

From: Effects of a theory-based training program with follow-up home visits on self-management behavior, glycemic index, and quality of life among Iranian patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Variable

Group

Before

After

Sig.*

Difference

Mean

SE

Mean

SE

Mean

SE

Self-management

Intervention

36.06

1.41

64.94

1.03

< 0.001

28.88

1.62

Control

36.71

1.34

36.91

1.30

0.10

0.20

0.12

Sig.**

0.73

< 0.001

––––

< 0.001

Quality of life

Intervention

40.50

1.01

57.40

0.96

< 0.001

16.90

1.04

Control

42.75

1.31

43.32

1.35

0.18

0.57

0.42

Sig.**

0.17

< 0.001

––––

< 0.001

HbA1c

Intervention

8.29

0.14

6.28

0.18

< 0.001

-2.01

0.09

Control

8.44

0.19

8.13

0.28

0.10

-0.30

0.18

Sig.**

0.54

< 0.001

––––

< 0.001

Fasting blood sugar

Intervention

193.64

9.26

127.96

3.67

< 0.001

-65.68

1.10

Control

192.61

9.08

183.02

8.60

0.19

-9.59

1.05

Sig.**

0.93

p < 0.001

––––

< 0.001

Waist circumference

Intervention

103.50

1.55

98.16

1.38

< 0.001

-5.34

0.57

Control

99.88

1.52

100.90

1.61

0.11

1.02

0.63

Sig.**

0.10

0.20

––––

 < 0.001

Body mass index

Intervention

31.04

0.76

29.58

0.64

< 0.001

-1.45

0.22

Control

30.11

0.58

30.05

0.58

0.68

-0.05

0.13

Sig.**

0.33

0.59

––––

< 0.001

Systolic blood pressure

Intervention

122.40

2.21

113.60

1.99

< 0.001

-8.80

1.68

Control

117.96

2.55

116.53

2.41

0.27

-1.42

1.30

Sig.**

0.19

0.35

––––

< 0.001

Diastolic blood pressure

Intervention

77.80

1.67

71.50

1.41

< 0.001

-6.30

1.6

Control

76.02

1.61

73.98

1.60

0.07

-2.04

1.12

Sig.**

0.34

0.44

––––

 0.033

  1. *paired t-test, **independent samples t-test