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Table 2 Results of different regression approaches (N = 187)

From: Spatial analysis of cardiovascular mortality and associated factors around the world

 

OLS model

Spatial lag model

Spatial error model

Intercept

808.53 *** (70.086)

693.655 *** (73.485)

944.748 *** (74.649)

GDP per capita

-0.003 *** (0.001)

-0.003 *** (0.001)

-0.004 *** (0.001)

% urbanization

-1.352 (0.867)

-1.567 (0.816)

-1.277 (0.765)

Schooling

-26.400 *** (6.682)

-22.446 *** (6.364)

-30.762 *** (5.765)

Cigarettes

10.110 *** (1.904)

9.065 *** (1.796)

6.146 *** (1.873)

Model diagnostics

 R2

0.37

0.33a

0.34a

 AIC

2,495.36

2,481.06

2,431.18

 Log likelihood

-1,242.68

-1,234.53

-1,210.59

 Likelihood Ratio Test (Prob)

―

16.30 (0.000)

64.18 (0.000)

Spatial effect

 Rho (spatial lag)

―

0.212 *** (0.051)

―

 Lambda (spatial error)

―

―

0.658 *** (0.058)

Spatial dependence diagnostics

 Moran’s I

0.498 *** (8.303)

―

―

 Lagrange Multiplier

―

16.972 ***

61.449 ***

 Robust Lagrange Multiplier

―

0.056

44.533 ***

  1. The Standard Error is presented in parentheses
  2. apseudo-R2
  3. Signif. codes: *p ≤ 0.05; **p ≤ 0.01; ***p ≤ 0.001