Table 3 Table of Associations – with Poor Mental Health

VULNERABILITIES

  < 21

SS** [47]

OR 1.8 [40]

NS [60]/

NS [63]

NS [40]

NS [47]

NS [47]

OR 0.5

NS/

OR 2.02 [50]

 > 21 * [40]

-0.27 [42]

 LGBTQ (bi vs mono)

SS** [68]

OR 1.4* [33]

OR 1.5** [33]

OR 1.6** [33]

 Non heterosexual

OR 2.2** [40]

OR 2.5** [40]

OR 4.5*** [40]

OR4.2*** [40]

 Trans vs cis

OR 3.0*** [33]

OR 2.4*** [33]

OR 2.8*** [33] / 3.3*** [33]

 LGB (lesbian, gay, bisexual)

OR 1.9* [64]

OR 2.5* [64]

 Ethnicity*

SS** [47]

NS [60]

/NS [63]

NS [60]

NS [60]

 Gender (women compared to men)

β 0.09** [60]

SS [33, 47]

/NS [63]

β 0.11** [60]

NS [60]

OR 4.0*** [33]

OR 1.3* [33]

OR 2.5** [33] /OR 2.2*** [33]

 Family history of depression

SS*** [47]

 Previous MH problems

SS*** [47]

SS*** [68]

 Eating disorders

OR 5.3* [51]

 Childhood deprivation

β 0.1** [60]

β 0.1** [60]

NS [60]

 Childhood trauma*

β 0.1** [60]

SS *—** [40]

β 0.2*** [60]

SS ** [40]

β 0.2*** [60]

SS ** [40]SS**[50]

SS ** [40]SS**[50]

 Sexual abuse

OR 1.8** [33]

OR 2.1*** [33]

OR 2.3*** [33] /OR 2.0*** [33]

 Other abuse or violence

OR 2.6*** [33]

OR 2.4*** [33]

OR 1.8*** [33] /OR 2.1*** [33]

 Parental over control x stress

NS [40]

OR 1.1*** [40]

OR 1.1* [40]

NS [40]

 Parental over protection x stress

NS [40]

NS [40]

NS [40]

NS [40]

 Parental over indulgence x stress

OR 1.1*** [40]

OR 1.1*** [40]

OR 1.1* [40]

 Attachment anxiety

NS [42]

 Attachment avoidance

NS [42]

 Perceived parental acceptance

SS** [59]

 Having a disability

β 0.14** [63]

β 0.1* [63]

β 0.14** [63]

 Social problem solving

β 0.5** [35]

 Autism spectrum

β 0.4** [34]

r 0.5*** [56]

/ SS*** [56]

BUFFERS

 Response to stress and change

  Self-efficacy/emotional intelligence/ Self compassion/ Adaptability/ Resilience

-SS*** [41]

-SS** [41]

r -0.1* [58]

-SS** [41]

NS [42]

r -0.3*** [43]

r -0.6** [48]

-SS** [41]

r -0.1* [69]

r -SS** [48, 54]

NS [43]//

r 0.27* [42]

///

r -0.6*** [39]

  Optimism, Hope

r -0.3** [43]

r -0.2** [43]

  Leisure coping beliefs

r 0.1* [54]

  Engagement in physical activity

r -0.6** [66]

 Self image

  Self-esteem,

SS* [64]

SS* [64]

NS [64]

  Body image concerns

OR 2.9 (2.2 to 3.9) [29]

OR 1.3^NR [29]

 Developing social networks

  Maintained social capital/ bridging social capital/ Bonding capital

r -0.9 [65], r -0.6** [65]

r -0.6** [65]

  Belongingness

r-0.02* [64]

  Controlling self talk

r 0.2* [49]

r 0.3** [49]

 Attitudes to mental health

  Mental health literacy

NS [68]

  Negative attitudes to mental illness

0.11*** [48]

 University factors

  Good induction

-0.6** [65]

  Good experience and understanding of lecture

-SS* [49]

-SS* [49]

 Triggers

  Stress

r 0.5** [43]

  Exams

0.2 [60]

0.27* [42]

  Loneliness/ social isolation/ thwarted belongingness

r 0.4*** [60]

r 0.4*** [62]

r0.4*** [60]

r 0.4*** [62]

r 0.4**** [60]

r 0.9* [60]

SS* [64]

SS* [64]

r 0.4*** [62]

-SS** [41]

  Relationship difficulties with:

1) parents

2) partners

3) friends

OR 0.5* [51]

OR 0.5* [51]

OR 2.6* [51]

  Body image concerns

OR 2.9^*** [29]

  Financial factors

NS [47]

NS (T4) [35]

SS** [63]

β 0.3*** [60]

/SS* [83]

OR 0.5* [84]

NS (T4) [35]

NS (T4) [35]

SS** [63]

β 0.3*** [60]

NS [51]

NS (T4) [35]

SS** [63]

  Poor living conditions

SS** [60]

SS** [60]

NS [51]

RED FLAGS

 Dysfunctional coping

NS [42]

 Unbalanced/unhealthy diet

SS*** [28]

OR 1.7* [84]

SS*** (females only) [28]

 Lack of help seeking

OR 3.7** [84]

 Problem drinking

OR 1.03***/

1.02*** [31]

/SS^NR [38]

 Poor sleep quality

SS*** [45]

 Physical activity

r-0.6** [66]

r-0.6** [66]