Table 4 Odds ratios and (95%CIs) for poor self-rated health in Japanese and Egyptian civil workers according to gender-and country-specific categories of conflicts between work and family

Women

308/1596

273/1614

Family-to-work conflict (FWC)

  Weak

116/746

1.00

1.00

1.00

95/690

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Moderate

115/611

1.34 (0.99–2.81)

1.59 (1.15–2.20)

1.61 (1.16–2.24)

121/717

1.33 (0.99–1.79)

1.32 (0.97–1.77)

1.30 (0.96–1.76)

  Strong

77/239

2.91 (2.02–4.21)

4.05 (2.65–6.18)

4.08 (2.66–6.27)

57/207

2.59 (1.77–3.79)

2.62 (1.77–3.86)

2.57 (1.73–3.82)

  p-trend

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

Work-to-family conflict ( WFC)

  Weak

67/562

1.00

1.00

1.00

70/557

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Moderate

171/835

2.04 (1.49–2.80)

2.04 (1.48–2.81)

2.20 (1.58–3.07)

114/664

1.60 (1.15–2.23)

1.63 (1.17–2.27)

1.61 (1.14–2.26)

  Strong

70/199

4.56 (3.05–6.84)

4.95 (3.27–7.49)

5.45 (3.47–8.54)

89/393

2.46 (1.71–3.54)

2.59 (1.79–3.75)

2.63 (1.79–3.88)

  P-trend

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

Total work-family conflicts (W–F–Cs)

  Weak

122/859

1.00

1.00

1.00

101/752

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Moderate

92/447

1.73 (1.26–2.37)

1.88 (1.35–2.61)

1.88 (1.34–2.62)

77/479

1.34 (0.96–1.85)

1.36 (0.98–1.90)

1.37 (0.98–1.92)

  Strong

94/290

3.36 (2.39–4.73)

4.19 (2.89–6.08)

4.28 (2.91–6.30)

95/383

2.43 (1.75–3.36)

2.47 (1.78–3.44)

2.46 (1.75–3.47)

  p-trend

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

Age

   <  = 30 years

99/505

1.00

1.00

1.00

69/454

1.00

1.00

1.00

  31–40 years

58/316

0.64 (0.43–0.94)

0.79 (0.51–1.20)

0.79 (0.49–1.16)

80/530

1.10 (0.77–1.58)

1.09 (0.72–1.63)

1.08 (0.71–1.65)

  41–50 years

94/502

0.65 (0.46–0.92)

0.84 (0.57–1.26)

0.77 (0.51–1.16)

70/379

1.40 (0.96–2.05)

1.31 (0.84–2.05)

1.32 (0.83–2.09)

   > 50 years

57/273

0.89 (0.59–1.33)

0.98 (0.60–1.61)

0.91 (0.55–1.51)

54/251

1.83 (1.20–2.77)

1.48 (0.89–2.46)

1.51 (0.89–2.56)

  p-trend

0.41

0.92

0.92

0.002

0.09

0.08

Smoking habit

  Never

288/1504

1.00

1.00

1.00

272/1604

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Former

14/59

1.25 (0.66–2.38)

1.23 (0.63–2.39)

1.26 (0.63–2.52)

1/5

1.40 (0.15–12.8)

1.39 (0.15–13.0)

1.26 (0.13–12.2)

  Current

6/33

0.99 (0.40–2.48)

0.92 (0.37–2.31)

1.02 (0.40–2.59)

0/5

––––-

––––-

––––-

  p-trend

0.67

0.60

0.60

0.49

0.49

0.47

Alcohol drinking habit

  Never

200/1065

1.00

1.00

1.00

NA

NA

NA

NA

  Former

10/32

0.93 (0.71–1.23)

0.90 (0.68–1.20)

0.90 (0.68–1.21)

NA

NA

NA

NA

  Current

98/499

1.69 (0.75–3.81)

2.02 (0.88–4.67)

2.06 (0.88–4.78)

NA

NA

NA

NA

  p-trend

0.62

0.40

0.40

NA

NA

NA

Physical activity in MET units

  Q1

44/258

1.00

1.00

1.00

60/361

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Q2

53/325

1.02 (0.64–1.61)

1.00 (0.71–1.70)

1.01 (0.72–1.71)

58/340

1.12 (0.76–1.65)

1.10 (0.74–1.63)

1.06 (0.71–1.58)

  Q3

44/286

0.92 (0.79–1.22)

0.90 (0.77–1.21)

0.90 (0.76–1.23)

43/237

0.99 (0.69–1.44)

0.99 (0.68–1.44)

0.95 (0.65–1.40)

  Q4

41/228

1.10 (0.82–1.54)

1.08 (0.78–1.45)

1.09 (0.78–1.44)

52/285

0.81 (0.56–1.16)

0.79 (0.55–1.14)

0.77 (0.53–1.12)

  p-trend

0.45

0.67

0.65

0.46

0.38

0.32

Men

563/3266

83/1497

Family-to-work conflict (FWC)

  Weak

232/1874

1.00

1.00

1.00

15/563

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Moderate

242/1137

1.99 (1.63–2.44)

2.47 (1.99–3.07)

2.38 (1.91–2.96)

32/592

1.19 (0.72–1.96)

1.18 (0.71–1.98)

1.15 (0.68–1.94)

  Strong

89/255

3.95 (2.93–5.34)

5.35 (3.88–7.47)

5.16 (3.73–7.15)

36/342

2.87 (1.55–5.33)

3.09 (1.64–5.78)

2.77 (1.45–5.30)

  p-trend

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

Work-to-family conflict ( WFC)

  Weak

143/1428

1.00

1.00

1.00

36/773

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Moderate

310/1593

2.22 (1.79–2.75)

2.48 (1.99–3.09)

2.35 (1.88–2.95)

30/577

2.21 (1.18–4.16)

2.32 (1.22–4.42)

2.33 (1.21–4.47)

  Strong

110/245

7.51 (5.51–10.24)

9.05 (6.56–12.49)

8.45 (6.01–11.87)

17/147

5.01 (2.63–9.54)

5.37 (2.78–9.40)

5.06 (2.52–10.17)

  P-trend

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

0.009

Total work-family conflicts (W–F–Cs)

  Weak

252/2103

1.00

1.00

1.00

25/787

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Moderate

179/821

2.12 (1.71–2.63)

2.51 (2.00–3.14)

2.35 (1.87–2.95)

32/424

2.80 (1.62–4.84)

2.84 (1.63–4.95)

2.79 (1.58–4.92)

  Strong

132/342

4.85 (3.73–6.29)

6.36 (4.81–8.41)

6.01 (4.50–8.01)

26/286

3.26 (1.82–5.84)

3.47 (1.92–6.29)

3.11 (1.67–5.80)

  P-trend

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

 < 0.0001

Age

    <  = 30 years

94/559

1.00

1.00

1.00

12/202

1.00

1.00

1.00

  31–40 years

90/512

0.72 (0.52–1.01)

1.08 (0.75–1.55)

1.07 (0.75–1.54)

18/448

0.66 (0.31–1.42)

1.09 (0.42–2.78)

1.03 (0.39–2.67)

  41–50 years

193/1081

0.83 (0.62–1.10)

1.40 (1.00–1.94)

1.40 (1.00–1.96)

29/387

1.45 (0.70–2.98)

2.40 (0.91–6.37)

2.47 (0.92–6.64)

    > 50 years

186/1114

0.88 (0.66–1.18)

1.39 (0.98–1.98)

1.48 (1.03–2.13)

24/460

1.01 (0.47–2.15)

1.51 (0.53–4.25)

1.47 (0.51–4.23)

  p-trend

0.58

0.009

0.009

0.44

0.43

0.45

Smoking habit

  Never

364/2108

1.00

1.00

1.00

46/916

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Former

126/752

1.00 (0.79–1.26)

1.09 (0.85–1.38)

1.09 (0.86–1.40)

23/443

1.08 (0.47–1.83)

1.02 (0.60–1.75)

1.02 (0.59–1.75)

  Current

73/406

1.09 (0.81–1.45)

1.10 (0.82–1.48)

1.13 (0.84–1.52)

14/138

2.22 (1.15–4.29)

2.24 (1.15–4.36)

2.27 (1.16–4.45)

  p-trend

0.63

0.43

0.56

0.07

0.09

0.08

Alcohol drinking habit

  Never

450/2712

1.00

1.00

1.00

NA

NA

NA

NA

  Former

14/52

0.82 (0.64–1.80)

0.85 (0.66–1.10)

0.84 (0.65–1.09)

NA

NA

NA

NA

  Current

99/502

1.50 (0.76–2.95)

1.55 (0.78–3.09)

1.60 (0.80–3.20)

NA

NA

NA

NA

  p-trend

0.52

0.65

0.65

NA

NA

NA

Physical activity in MET units

  Q1

76/500

1.00

1.00

1.00

16/276

1.00

1.00

1.00

  Q2

88/627

0.99 (0.76–1.28)

0.98 (0.75–1.28)

0.98 (0.75–1.28)

13/280

1.20 (0.61–2.35)

1.23 (0.63–2.42)

1.21 (0.61–2.40)

  Q3

96/572

1.20 (0.90–1.58)

1.20 (0.90–1.59)

1.18 (0.89–1.58)

14/210

0.79 (0.43–1.48)

0.77 (0.41–1.45)

0.76 (0.40–1.45)

  Q4

82/419

0.92 (0.70–1.20)

0.91 (0.70–1.20)

0.90 (0.61–1.39)

16/345

0.90 (0.50–1.63)

0.94 (0.51–1.63)

0.95 (0.51–1.75)

  p-trend

0.17

0.20

0.20

0.67

0.73

0.71