Table 1 Descriptive characteristics of the study population by place of residence, NFHS-4 India, 2015–16
India | Rural India | Urban India | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
n | % | n | % | n | % | |
Region | ||||||
South | 1920 | 21.1 | 969 | 18.1 | 951 | 25.4 |
Central | 2552 | 28.0 | 1716 | 32.0 | 837 | 22.3 |
Eastern | 2001 | 22.0 | 1351 | 25.2 | 650 | 17.4 |
North-Eastern | 531 | 5.8 | 422 | 7.9 | 109 | 2.9 |
West | 1109 | 12.2 | 435 | 8.1 | 674 | 18.0 |
Northern | 1001 | 11.0 | 475 | 8.8 | 526 | 14.0 |
Women’s age | ||||||
40+ | 420 | 4.6 | 286 | 5.3 | 134 | 3.6 |
35–39 | 1117 | 12.3 | 606 | 11.3 | 511 | 13.6 |
30–34 | 2116 | 23.2 | 1168 | 21.8 | 948 | 25.3 |
25–29 | 3115 | 34.2 | 1824 | 34.0 | 1291 | 34.5 |
20–24 | 2107 | 23.1 | 1300 | 24.2 | 807 | 21.6 |
15–19 | 237 | 2.6 | 182 | 3.4 | 54 | 1.5 |
Caste/Class | ||||||
General | 2769 | 30.4 | 1377 | 25.7 | 1392 | 37.2 |
OBC | 3882 | 42.6 | 2312 | 43.1 | 1570 | 41.9 |
STs/SCs | 2462 | 27.0 | 1678 | 31.3 | 784 | 20.9 |
Women’s education | ||||||
Secondary/Higher | 6150 | 67.5 | 3243 | 60.4 | 2908 | 77.6 |
Primary | 1177 | 12.9 | 791 | 14.7 | 386 | 10.3 |
No education | 1786 | 19.6 | 1333 | 24.8 | 453 | 12.1 |
Religion | ||||||
Non-Muslim | 7665 | 84.1 | 4705 | 87.7 | 2960 | 79.0 |
Muslim | 1448 | 15.9 | 662 | 12.3 | 786 | 21.0 |
Husband’s Education | ||||||
Secondary/Higher | 1240 | 13.6 | 688 | 12.8 | 552 | 14.7 |
Primary | 213 | 2.3 | 141 | 2.6 | 72 | 1.9 |
No education | 191 | 2.1 | 148 | 2.8 | 43 | 1.2 |
Missing | 7470 | – | 4390 | – | 3080 | – |
Sex composition of children | ||||||
No child | 899 | 9.9 | 484 | 9.0 | 415 | 11.1 |
Daughter Only | 2587 | 28.4 | 1504 | 28.0 | 1083 | 28.9 |
Son Only | 1851 | 20.3 | 955 | 17.8 | 895 | 23.9 |
Both | 3776 | 41.4 | 2423 | 45.2 | 1353 | 36.1 |
Wealth Status | ||||||
Rich | 4307 | 47.3 | 1499 | 27.9 | 2808 | 75.0 |
Middle | 1971 | 21.6 | 1350 | 25.2 | 620 | 16.6 |
Poor | 2836 | 31.1 | 2518 | 46.9 | 318 | 8.5 |
Exposure to mass media | ||||||
Yes | 6289 | 69.0 | 3262 | 60.8 | 3027 | 80.8 |
No | 2824 | 31.0 | 2105 | 39.2 | 720 | 19.2 |
Women’s working status | ||||||
Yes | 353 | 21.4 | 223 | 22.6 | 130 | 19.5 |
No | 1299 | 78.6 | 762 | 77.4 | 537 | 80.5 |
Missing | 7461 | – | 4382 | – | 3079 | – |
Women’s autonomy | ||||||
Yes | 7073 | 77.6 | 4084 | 76.1 | 2989 | 79.8 |
No | 2040 | 22.4 | 1283 | 23.9 | 757 | 20.2 |
Unmet need for family planning | ||||||
No | 7073 | 77.6 | 4396 | 74.6 | 2294 | 76.8 |
Yes | 2040 | 22.4 | 1495 | 25.9 | 693 | 23.2 |
Gestation week | ||||||
≤ 8 weeks | 1784 | 19.6 | 1011 | 18.8 | 773 | 20.6 |
9–12 weeks | 1047 | 11.5 | 676 | 12.6 | 372 | 9.9 |
≥ 13 weeks | 6282 | 68.9 | 3680 | 68.6 | 2601 | 69.4 |
N | 9113 | – | 5367 | – | 3746 | – |