The pillars of health: influence of multiple lifestyle behaviors on body mass index and depressive symptoms in adult twins

Table 5 Unstandardized parameter estimates of depressive symptoms score from the number of health pillars among same sex twins (with covariates)

Independent variables	All five health pillars		Two pillars (MVPA & Sedentary time)
	Men	Women	Men	Women
Quasi-causal model^a,b
b_P	*-.086 (.012***)	*-.086 (.012***)	*-.088 (.015***)	*-.088 (.015***)
b_A	*-.080 (.040***)	*-.148 (.035***)	-.070 (.037)	*-.090 (.035***)
b_C	*-.080 (.040***)	*-.148 (.035***)	-.070 (.037)	*-.090 (.035***)
Covariates
Age	*-.026 (.006***)	*-.029 (.005***)	*-.025 (.006***)	*-.031 (.005***)
Race	.006 (.050)	-.033 (.032)	.016 (.050)	-.032 (.031)
Income	*-.036 (.005***)	*-.043 (.004***)	*-.031 (.005***)	*-.041 (.004***)
Education	-.018 (.016)	*-.032 (.012***)	-.003 (.017)	*-.019 (.013***)

Bolded parameter estimates are statistically significant at p < .05. Depressive symptom score is square root transformed
b_P = phenotypic association between predictor and outcome. b_A = amount of variance in body mass index attributable to additive genetic influences. b_C = amount of variance in body mass index attributable to shared environmental influences
^a b_A and b_C are constrained to equality
^b b_P is constrained to be equal for men and women

ISSN: 1471-2458