Table 4 Prospective associations of demographic and mental health variables at baseline with change in anxiety score

Gender

0.180

 Female

Reference

 Male

1.11 (− 0.52 to 2.74)

Age category

0.315

 18–34 years

Reference

 35–64 years

1.30 (−0.45 to 3.06)

 65+ years

1.32 (− 0.91 to 3.55)

Index of Multiple Deprivation quintile

0.135

 1–2 (less deprived)

Reference

 3, 4 & 5 (more deprived)

−1.22 (−2.83 to 0.39)

Self-rated health during first COVID-19 lockdown

0.968

 Poor / Fair

Reference

 Good

−0.06 (−3.06 to 2.94)

 Very good / Excellent

−0.24 (− 3.06 to 2.57)

Classed as high risk for COVID-19

0.751

 No

Reference

 Yes

−0.28 (−2.02 to 1.46)

Living situation during first COVID-19 lockdown

0.060

0.109

 Living alone

Reference

Reference

 Living with others (not dependents)

−0.21 (−2.23 to 1.82)

−0.02 (−1.96 to 1.91)

 Living with children aged 12–17

4.50 (1.13 to 7.88)

3.99 (0.77 to 7.21)

 Living with children aged 0–11

0.37 (−2.14 to 2.87)

0.72 (−1.67 to 3.12)

 Living with someone at risk of COVID-19

0.40 (−2.04 to 2.83)

0.61 (−1.70 to 2.93)

Working situation during first COVID-19 lockdown

0.705

 Not working

Reference

 Working from home

−0.60 (−2.25 to 1.05)

 Working outside home, but socially distanced

0.56 (−1.91 to 3.03)

 Frontline NHS workers or key workers

−0.90 (−3.31 to 1.51)

Perceived change in mental health during first COVID-19 lockdown

< 0.001

< 0.001

 Mental health worsened

−3.25 (−4.72 to −1.78)

− 3.05 (−4.53 to − 1.57)

 Mental health stayed the same

Reference

Reference

 Mental health increased

0.09 (−2.38 to 2.56)

0.21 (− 2.25 to 2.67)