Table 2 Comparisons of the pretest and post-test outcome measures between the intervention and control groups

Self-perceived health status

2.44 ± 0.65

2.36 ± 0.66

-0.08

0.006

2.36 ± 0.65

2.30 ± 0.68

-0.06

0.194

2.52 ± 0.65

2.43 ± 0.63

-0.09

0.003

Self-perceived susceptibility

2.91 ± 0.66

2.98 ± 0.61

0.07

0.018

2.90 ± 0.64

3.04 ± 0.62

0.14

0.016

2.92 ± 0.68

2.92 ± 0.60

0.00

0.751

Self-perceived severity

3.09 ± 0.76

3.18 ± 0.78

0.09

0.049

3.10 ± 0.75

3.26 ± 0.81

0.16

0.051

3.08 ± 0.77

3.09 ± 0.73

0.01

0.686

Perceived barriers

2.57 ± 0.02

2.40 ± 0.03

-0.17

 < 0.001

2.58 ± 0.34

2.27 ± 0.42

-0.30

 < 0.001

2.56 ± 0.37

2.54 ± 0.38

-0.02

0.510

Cues to action

3.25 ± 0.57

3.29 ± 0.84

0.03

0.595

3.27 ± 0.62

3.42 ± 1.00

0.15

0.145

3.23 ± 0.51

3.13 ± 0.58

-0.1

0.026

Self-efficacy

2.84 ± 0.66

2.9 ± 0.58

0.08

0.112

2.90 ± 0.71

3.18 ± 0.46

0.28

0.001

2.77 ± 0.58

2.65 ± 0.57

-0.12

0.065

Healthy eating score

0.23 ± 0.19

0.33 ± 0.21

0.10

 < 0.001

0.22 ± 0.19

0.39 ± 0.22

0.17

 < 0.001

0.24 ± 0.18

0.25 ± 0.16

0.01

0.694