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Table 1 Risk factors for women and men self-rated poor health

From: Environmentally related gender health risks: findings from citizen science cross-sectional study

Personal characteristics

Women

p

Men

p

Good health, N (%)

Poor health, N (%)

Good health, N (%)

Poor health, N (%)

Age groups

  

< 0.001‡

  

< 0.001‡

  18–44

173 (92.5)

14 (7.5)

 

164 (94.8)

9 (5.2)

 

  45–64

295 (82.6)

62 (17.4)

 

253 (81.6)

57 (18.4)

 

  > = 65

23 (52.3)

21 (47.7)

 

10 (71.4)

4 (28.6)

 

Family status

  

0.737‡

  

1.000‡

  Married

275 (84.1)

52 (15.9)

 

253 (85.8)

42 (14.2)

 

  Other

216 (82.8)

45 (17.2)

 

174 (86.1)

28 (13.9)

 

Educational status

  

0.738‡

  

0.197‡

  Lower

217 (82.8)

45 (17.2)

 

206 (83.7)

40 (16.3)

 

  University

274 (84.0)

52 (16.0)

 

221 (88.0)

30 (12.0)

 

Situation at work

  

< 0.001‡

  

< 0.771‡

  Full-time

316 (87.5)

45 (12.5)

 

314 (85.6)

53 (14.4)

 

  Part-time

174 (77.0)

52 (23.0)

 

112 (86.8)

17 (13.2)

 

Monthly net income

 

0.002‡

  

0.708‡

  Less than 400 €

78 (72.9)

29 (27.1)

 

58 (87.9)

8 (12.1)

 

  More than 400 €

413 (85.9)

68 (14.1)

 

369 (85.6)

62 (14.4)

 

Smoking

  

0.492‡

  

0.325‡

  No

383 (83.1)

78 (16.9)

 

295 (84.8)

53 (15.2)

 

  Yes

106 (86.2)

17 (13.8)

 

132 (88.6)

17 (11.4)

 

Perceived air pollution problems

 

< 0.001‡

  

< 0.029‡

  Yes

244 (77.2)

72 (22.8)

 

201 (82.4)

43 (17.6)

 

  No

247 (90.8)

25 (9.2)

 

226 (89.3)

27 (10.7)

 

Visits to green space

 

0.003‡

  

0.041‡

  Irregular

276 (79.8)

70 (20.2)

 

176 (82.2)

38 (17.8)

 

  Regular

215 (88.8)

27 (11.2)

 

251 (88.7)

32 (11.3)

 

Recommended physical activity

 

0.636‡

  

0.213‡

  No

419 (83.1)

85 (16.9)

 

357 (85.0)

63 (15.0)

 

  Yes

72 (85.7)

12 (14.3)

 

70 (90.9)

7 (9.1)

 

Chronic disease

  

< 0.001‡

  

< 0.001‡

  No

370 (93.0)

28 (7.0)

 

321 (91.7)

29 (8.3)

 

  Yes

121 (63.7)

69 (36.3)

 

106 (72.1)

41 (27.9)

 

Hypertension

  

< 0.001‡

  

< 0.001‡

  No

378 (89.4)

45 (10.6)

 

315 (89.5)

37 (10.5)

 

  Yes

113 (68.5)

52 (31.5)

 

112 (77.2)

33 (22.8)

 

Diabetes

  

< 0.001‡

  

< 0.001‡

  No

480 (85.3)

83 (14.7)

 

418 (87.1)

62 (12.9)

 

  Yes

11 (44.0)

14 (56.0)

 

9 (52.9)

8 (47.1)

 

Allergies

  

0.011‡

  

0.144‡

  No

460 (84.7)

83 (15.3)

 

408 (86.4)

64 (13.6)

 

  Yes

31 (68.9)

14 (31.1)

 

19 (76.0)

6 (24.0)

 

Obesity

  

0.003‡

  

0.003‡

  BMI < 30

432 (85.0)

76 (15.0)

 

380 (88.4)

50 (11.6)

 

  BMI > =30

49 (70.0)

21 (30.0)

 

42 (67.7)

20 (32.3)

 

Traffic 10,000 cars/day

 

0.537‡

  

0.571‡

  No

356 (84.2)

67 (15.8)

 

300 (85.2)

52 (14.8)

 

  Yes

135 (81.8)

30 (18.2)

 

126 (87.5)

18 (12.5)

 
  1. ‡ p value of the chi-squared test