Table 3 Typology of identified consequential factors (ordered by the number of studies that reported presented themes and sub-themes of factors)
From: Household-level sanitation in Ethiopia and its influencing factors: a systematic review
Broader thematic types of factors (S = number of studies; N = number of occurrences) | More specific sub-themes of factors (number of occurrences) |
|---|---|
Socioeconomic factors (S = 26; N = 44) | Income or wealth (15); general education (11); cost of toilet or its perception (9); agricultural occupation (6); govt employee (3) |
Sanitation infrastructure, maintenance, supply, access to materials or manpower (S = 24; N = 54) | Acceptable quality of latrine (32); availability of material (7); lack of (skilled) manpower (7); need of latrine maintenance (4); unavailability or poor quality of public latrines (4) |
Demographic characteristics (S = 21; N = 36) | Household size (12); children in family (11); female head of household (7); age (4); presence of women (2) |
Health and/or cleanliness (S = 18; N = 36) | Health-related expectations (14); latrine cleanliness (11); cleanliness of environment (7); attract flies (3); experienced health problems (1) |
Spatial and environmental factors (S = 17; N = 31) | Location (centrality, accessibility etc.) (6); lack of space for latrine construction (6); soil, bedrock, terrain suitable for latrine (5); distance of latrine from house (4); climate constraints (floods, rains etc.) (4); access and utilization of water (3); Enough space for OD (3) |
Privacy, safety, convenience (S = 14; N = 38) | Safety (12); privacy (11); convenience (8); smell from latrine (2); smell from OD (4) |
Institutional support and/or pressure (S= 11; N = 29) | Institutional support (26); institutional pressure, command, sanctions (3) |
Social pressure, networks, and learning (S = 11; N = 30) | Social networks, social learning (14); social pressure (11); prestige, status (5) |
Hygiene and sanitation knowledge, experience, habits (S = 8; N = 31) | Recognition of hygiene and sanitation advantages (14); experience with latrine (7); knowledge of CLTSH and its acceptance (6); feces as fertilizer (4) |
Satisfied, other priorities (S = 4; N = 4) | Satisfied with current practice (4) |
Cultural factors (bylaws, taboos etc.) (S = 2; N = 5) | Distinct gender-related cultural norms (3) and other cultural norms (2) |