Fig. 2

Factors influencing sanitation outcomes in Ethiopia: a network visualization. The circular nodes depict 8 types of sanitation outcomes identified in this review. The triangle nodes show the 43 sub-themes of factors as in the right column of Table 3 and their colors distinguish their 11 broader themes as in the left column of Table 3. Edges represent identified relationships between factors and outcomes (i.e., observations). Positions of circular nodes and their mutual distances in the network indicate the extent to which their respective influencing factors overlap. Edge width and node size indicate differences in the frequency of observations. Yellow edges represent the prevalence of positive relationships and blue edges the prevalence of negative relationships. Network visualization was obtained based on the edge-weighted spring embedded algorithm. Positions of a few triangle nodes were slightly adjusted to prevent overlaps between the labels with no effect on the interpretation