Comparing relationships between health-related behaviour clustering and episodic memory trajectories in the United States of America and England: a longitudinal study

Table 4 Results of fully adjusted multilevel models for comparing differences in episodic memory trajectories by HRB clustering and country among women^a

Fixed effects	England (N = 4722) vs USA (N = 10,396)
Fixed effects	b (95%CI)	P-value
Intercept	12.21 (12.01, 12.41)	< 0.001
Age	-0.09 (-0.10, -0.18)	< 0.001
Age²	-0.0047 (-0.0050, -0.003)	< 0.001
HRB clustering
Multi-HRB	Reference
Inactive cluster	-0.17 (-0.30, -0.05)	0.007
Ex-smoking cluster	0.48 (0.37, 0.60)	< 0.001
Interaction: HRB clustering x age
Inactive cluster	-0.003 (-0.01, 0.01)	0.626
Ex-smoking cluster	0.003 (-0.007, 0.01)	0.514
Country
England versus the USA: multi-HRB cluster	1.97 (1.77, 2.16)	< 0.001
Interactions: HRB clustering x country
England versus the USA: (inactive cluster versus multi-HRB cluster)	0.17 (-0.04, 0.37)	0.105
England versus the USA: (ex-smoking cluster versus multi-HRB cluster)	-1.73 (-1.97, -1.49)	< 0.001
Interactions: HRB clustering x country x age
England versus the USA: multi-HRB cluster	-0.04 (-0.05, -0.02)	< 0.001
England versus the USA: inactive cluster	-0.03 (-0.04, -0.01)	0.001
England versus the USA: ex-smoking cluster	-0.06 (-0.07, -0.04)	< 0.001
Random effects	S.D. (95%CIs)
Level 1: residual	2.35 (2.34, 2.37)
Level 2: intercept	2.06 (2.02, 2.10)
Level 2: age	0.05 (0.04, 0.06)

^a Each model with a quadratic trend over age was adjusted for birth cohort, marital status, education, wealth, long-term conditions, country, and interactions between age and HRB clustering, age and country, as well as among age, HRB clustering and country.
95%CI 95% Confidence interval

ISSN: 1471-2458