Table 1 Determinants in the public mental health conceptual framework

Trauma & adversity

Family dynamics

Systems & services

Broad factors

Adverse childhood experiences

Attachment

Health & social care

(In)equality & (in)equity

Adulthood trauma

Parenting

Public & community services

Climate change

Bullying

Family connectivity

Criminal justice system

Displacement

Physical & psychological health

Extended family relationships

Social environment

Industry

Genetics & biological factors

Discord & conflict

Social support & networks

Commercial factors

Prenatal & perinatal factors

Family structure

Social inclusion & cohesion

Media & advertising

Physical health

Caring responsibilities

Civic engagement

Government & political

Health behaviours

Intergenerational (dis)advantage

Mental health awareness

Economic conditions

Life experiences & opportunities

Household composition

Geographic & physical environment

Government policies & legislation

Life transitions

Marriage, civil & domestic partnerships

North–South divide

The welfare system

Migration

Built & natural environment

Political structures & climate

Hobbies & leisure time

Urban/ rural/ remote differences

Global politics & events

Identity

Neighbourhood deprivation

Norms & rights

Ethnicity & culture

Community safety

Discrimination & stigma

Gender, sex, gender identity & sexual orientation

Social & cultural norms

Religion, spirituality & faith

Human rights & social justice

Personal traits

Resilience

Sense of self

Personal aspirations & ambitions

Individual autonomy

Sociodemographic

Income

Housing

Education

Employment